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. 2021 Jan 25;11:613773. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.613773

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Copyright © 2021 Zhang, He, Li, Chen, Liu, Wu and Guo

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Differentiation and maturation of dendritic cell (DC). DCs and monocytes originate from a common ancestor, namely macrophage dendritic cell progenitor (MDP). MDPs differentiate to common monocyte progenitors (cMOPs) and common DC progenitors (CDPs). cMOPs generally differentiate into monocytes and macrophages, while in some situations with pro-inflammatory context, cMOPs could be stimulated by granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) then differentiate to monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). CDPs differentiate to two subsets, plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), and myeloid dendritic DCs, which is usually called conventional DCs (cDCs).