Table 4.
Effect of dietary bacteriophage supplementation on the concentration of immunoglobulins and cytokines in the serum of weaned piglets fed antibiotic-free diet (n = 5)1.
| Item | Con2 | Treatments3 | SEM | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 200 mg/kg bacteriophage | 400 mg/kg bacteriophage | 600 mg/kg bacteriophage | ||||
| IgA (g/L) | 1.19 | 1.10 | 1.23 | 1.11 | 0.04 | 0.585 |
| IgG (g/L) | 20.60 | 20.67 | 21.12 | 20.47 | 0.14 | 0.405 |
| IgM (g/L) | 2.38 | 2.34 | 2.41 | 2.46 | 0.20 | 0.160 |
| IL-1β (pg/mL) | 28.82a | 24.64a, b | 21.44b | 25.58a, b | 1.06 | 0.046 |
| IL-2 (pg/mL) | 24.73 | 29.14 | 29.03 | 27.55 | 0.95 | 0.335 |
| IL-10 (pg/mL) | 16.22b | 15.32b | 22.27a | 16.84b | 0.84 | 0.003 |
| IL-12 (pg/mL) | 27.73 | 26.59 | 24.29 | 30.57 | 1.32 | 0.485 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 58.20a | 58.95a | 45.93b | 49.83a, b | 2.06 | 0.047 |
| IFN-γ (pg/mL) | 48.03 | 44.36 | 51.81 | 46.73 | 2.80 | 0.851 |
IgA, immunoglobulin A; IgG, immunoglobulin G; IgM, immunoglobulin M; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; IL-2, interleukin-2; IL-10, interleukin-10; IL-12, interleukin-12; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IFN-γ, interferon-γ.
n = 5: there were five replicates (pens) per treatment and six piglets per pen, and one piglet per pen was sampled.
Con: the control diet supplemented with 25 mg/kg quinocetone and 11.25 mg/kg chlortetracycline in the basal diet.
Treatments: the treatment diets supplemented with 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg bacteriophage in the basal diet.
Within a row, values with different letter superscripts differ significantly (P < 0.05).