Table 3.

Influence of ethnicity, altitude and maternal age in preeclampsia incidence and also excluding all gestational hypertension cases without proteinuria

Variables			p-value	OR	95% CI OR		p-value1	OR11	95% CI OR1
Ethnicitya	Afro Ecuadorian		< 0.001	2.34	1.95	2.81	< 0.001	2.18	1.79	2.66
	Montubio		0.001	0.46	0.29	0.73	0.001	0.42	0.25	0.70
	Mestizo		< 0.001	1.80	1.54	2.10	< 0.001	1.75	1.49	2.07
	Caucasians		0.311	1.17	0.87	1.58	0.276	1.20	0.87	1.66
Altitudeb	1500–3500		0.004	0.76	0.63	0.92	0.003	0.73	0.60	0.90
	> 3500		< 0.001	2.31	1.93	2.78	< 0.001	2.40	1.97	2.93
Altitude x Ethnicityc	1500–3500	Afro Ecuadorian	< 0.001	2.36	1.78	3.14	< 0.001	2.86	2.11	3.89
	1500–3500	Montubio	< 0.001	18.13	9.53	34.50	< 0.001	22.32	11.02	45.22
	1500–3500	Mestizo	0.211	1.13	0.93	1.36	0.052	1.23	1.00	1.505
	1500–3500	Caucasians	< 0.001	2.95	1.81	4.80	< 0.001	3.06	1.81	5.20
	> 3500	Afro Ecuadorian	0.170	0.59	0.28	1.25	0.035	0.32	0.11	0.92
	> 3500	Montubio	0.093	4.06	0.79	20.8	0.052	5.17	0.99	27.00
	> 3500	Mestizo	< 0.001	0.54	0.45	0.65	< 0.001	0.56	0.46	0.69
	> 3500	Caucasians	0.285	1.66	0.65	4.23	0.700	1.24	0.43	3.73
Maternal Age	MA		< 0.001	0.92	0.91	0.93	< 0.001	0.91	0.90	0.92
	MA2		< 0.001	1.00	1.00	1.00	< 0.001	1.00	1.00	1.00
Geographical Distance			< 0.001	1.18	1.17	1.18	< 0.001	1.20	1.19	1.21

Notes: 1) The “1” super index for OR, confidence interval and p-values were computed excluding all gestational hypertension cases without proteinuria. (^a) In these variables the Native American were considered as reference. (^b) In altitude the group of women living < 1500 mts over the sea level were considered as reference. (^c). In this interaction the Native American leaving at < 1500 mts over sea level was considered as the reference group. The maternal age (MA) was included also in the quadratic form (MA²). All computation was performed including all variables in the model: ethnicity, altitude and maternal age