. 2019 Mar 20;14:1–11. doi: 10.1515/biol-2019-0001

Table 1.

Effects of seed water content (SWC) and cryopreservation (LN) on normal germination of S. xerophila, S. maximowiczii, and S. koreensis seed.

Seed water content Normal germination (%) (SWC, %)

	S. xerophila		S. maximowiczii		S. koreensis

	-LN	+LN	-LN	+LN	-LN	+LN
After seed cleaning			100		97
87
3	68 ± 3.3^abz	61 ± 9.8^b	88 ± 3.3^b	91 ± 6.8^ns	43 ± 8.2^c	47 ± 6.8^c
6	69 ± 3.8^a	64 ± 11.0^ab	97 ± 2.0^a	100 ± 0.0	88 ± 5.7^ab	91 ± 8.9^ab
9	72 ± 7.3^a	77 ± 10.0^a	98 ± 4.0^a	100 ± 0.0	92 ± 3.3^ab	93 ± 3.8^a
12	61 ± 5.0^b	54 ± 13.7^b	100 ± 0.0^a	100 ± 0.0	90 ± 5.2^a	89 ± 8.2^ab
18	53 ± 5.0^c	39 ± 5.0^c*	100 ± 0.0^a	100 ± 0.0	94 ± 2.3^a	95 ± 5.0^a
24	51 ± 5.0^c	31 ± 8.2 ^c*	98 ± 2.3^a	99 ± 2.0	81 ± 3.8^b	83 ± 9.5^b
Significance
SWC	p > 0.001		p > 0.001		p > 0.001
LN	p > 0.001		ns		p > 0.001
SWC × LN	p > 0.001		ns		p > 0.001

Values are means of four replicates ± SD (n=4). Within columns, values with the same letter are not significantly different at p=0.05 with Duncan’s multiple range test. * indicates significant difference between non-treated (-LN) and cryopreserved (+LN) seeds. ns: non-significance.