Table 2.
Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis for risk of COVID-19 diagnosis
| Univariable regression | Multivariable regression | |||||
| Variable | N | OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P | |
| Age | Increase 10 years | 4008 | 1.05 (1 to 1.08) | 0.015 | ||
| 50–70 | 4008 | 1.62 (1.4 to 1.86) | <0.0001 | 1.7 (1.4 to 2.08) | <0.0001 | |
| Sex | Male | 4008 | 1.5 (1.3 to 1.71) | <0.0001 | 1.26 (1.1 to 1.52) | <0.0001 |
| Index of multiple deprivation decile | 3848 | 0.97 (0.9 to 1) | 0.013 | |||
| Diabetes | 3971 | 1.46 (1.3 to 1.68) | <0.0001 | |||
| Hypertension | 3971 | 1.17 (1 to 1.33) | 0.007 | |||
| Ethnicity | 4008 | |||||
| White | 1348 | 1 | <0.0001 | 1 | <0.0001 | |
| Asian | 1318 | 1.94 (1.7 to 2.26) | 1.82 (1.5 to 2.27) | |||
| Black | 436 | 2.05 (1.6 to 2.56) | 1.85 (1.4 to 2.53) | |||
| Mixed/ Other | 258 | 2.13 (1.6 to 2.79) | 2.25 (1.5 to 3.33) | |||
| Unknown | 648 | 1.87 (1.5 to 2.27) | 1.77 (1.3 to 2.34) | |||
| Symptoms | 3971 | |||||
| Cough | 5.13 (4.5 to 5.88) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Shortness of breath | 4.19 (3.7 to 4.79) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Fever | 5.04 (4.4 to 5.78) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Respiratory rate | Any of above | 4008 | 6.29 (5.4 to 7.36) | <0.0001 | 3.11 (2.5 to 3.85) | <0.0001 |
| Oxygen saturations | 3654 | 1.14 (1.1 to 1.15) | <0.0001 | |||
| NEWS Score | Continuous (linear) | 3647 | 0.89 (0.9 to 0.9) | <0.0001 | ||
| Continuous (linear) | 3617 | 1.39 (1.3 to 1.42) | <0.0001 | |||
| CRP | >5 | 5.76 (5 to 6.65) | <0.0001 | 2.39 (2 to 2.87) | <0.0001 | |
| Every 10 increase | 3518 | 1.01 (1 to 1.01) | <0.0001 | |||
| Lymphocytes | >50 | 5.99 (5.2 to 6.93) | <0.0001 | 3.11 (2.6 to 3.75) | <0.0001 | |
| Continuous (linear) | 3624 | 0.66 (0.6 to 0.72) | <0.0001 | |||
| Chest X-ray | <1 | 2.54 (2.2 to 2.93) | <0.0001 | 1.72 (1.4 to 2.08) | <0.0001 | |
| 3581 | ||||||
| Normal | 718 | 1 | <0.0001 | 1 | <0.0001 | |
| Lung infiltrates | 2262 | 7.79 (6.3 to 9.65) | 3.75 (2.9 to 4.91) | |||
| Other abnormality | 601 | 3.56 (2.8 to 4.6) | 1.94 (1.4 to 2.68) | |||
| CVCX0 | 424 | 1 | <0.0001 | |||
| CVCX1 | 1040 | 25.85 (18.7 to 35.66) | ||||
| CVCX2 | 435 | 2.98 (2.3 to 3.93) | ||||
| CVCX3 | 129 | 1.64 (1.1 to 2.44) | ||||
P values calculated using likelihood ratio tests. There was no evidence of interaction between variables in the final multivariable model. n=2490 for multivariable model. CVCX represents British Society of Thoracic Imaging (BSTI) classification of chest X-ray.
CRP, C reactive protein; IMD, Index of multiple deprivation; NEWS, National Early Warning Score.