Table 1.

Patients with high risk of cardiotoxicity.

(i) High-dose anthracycline (e.g., doxorubicin ≥ 250 mg/m2 and epirubicin ≥ 600 mg/m2)

(ii) High-dose radiotherapy (≥30 Gy) if the heart is in the treatment field

(iii) Lower-dose anthracycline (e.g., doxorubicin < 250 mg/m2 and epirubicin < 600 mg/m2) or HER inhibitors or VEGF inhibitors or proteasome inhibitors of Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors and presence of any of the following factors:

(a) Age ≥ 60 years

(b) Lower-dose radiotherapy (<30 Gy) where the heart is in the radiation field

(c) ≥2 risk factors, including smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, chronic renal insufficiency, and obesity

(iv) Previous heart disease

(v) Elevated cardiac biomarkers (pro-BNP, NT-pro-BNP, and troponin) before initiation of anticancer therapy