Table 1.
Comparison of pairings of participant and mosquito infections by symptomatic status.
| Asymptomatic infections (N = 3012) | Symptomatic infections (N = 715) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Participant-level covariates | |||
| Parasite density (parasites/μL), median (IQR) | 11.08 (0.96–251) | 3229.46 (505–6581) | <0.001a |
| Age, N (%) | <0.001b | ||
| <5 years | 326 (3.72) | 112 (15.66) | |
| 5–15 years | 1372 (45.55) | 111 (15.52) | |
| >15 years | 1314 (43.63) | 492 (68.81) | |
| Mosquito abundance, N (%) | <0.001b | ||
| Low | 1564 (51.93) | 227 (31.75) | |
| High | 1448 (48.07) | 488 (68.25) | |
| Number of pfcsp haplotypes, median (IQR) | 3.00 (1.00–8.00) | 2.00 (1.00–3.00) | <0.001a |
| Village, N (%) | <0.001b | ||
| Maruti | 2267 (75.27) | 411 (57.48) | |
| Kinesamo | 616 (20.45) | 208 (29.09) | |
| Sitabicha | 129 (4.28) | 96 (13.43) | |
| Participant–mosquito pair-level covariates | |||
| Probability of transmission, median (IQR) | |||
| Across all variables | 0.05 (0.00–0.16) | 0.00 (0.00–0.11) | <0.001a |
| Time intervalc | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | NE |
| Distance interval | 0.67 (0.54–0.84) | 0.70 (0.53–0.80) | 1.000a |
| pfcsp haplotype sharing and prevalenced | 0.09 (0.00–0.24) | 0.00 (0.00–0.15) | <0.001a |
| For those that shared pfcsp haplotypes | 0.20 (0.09–0.32) | 0.19 (0.10–0.37) | 1.000a |
| Number of pfcsp haplotypes shared, median (IQR)e | 1.00 (0.00–2.00) | 0.00 (0.00–1.00) | <0.001a |
| For those that shared pfcsp haplotypes | 2.00 (1.00–3.00) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | <0.001a |
IQR interquartile range, NE not evaluated, pfcsp Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein.
aWilcoxon Rank-Sum test with continuity correction and Bonferroni correction for repeated measures.
bPearson’s χ2 test with Bonferroni correction for repeated measures.
cThe probability of transmission based on the time interval was set as 1 for all participant–mosquito pairings where the mosquito was collected within 7 days prior to or 14 days after the participant’s infection. All pairings outside of that time interval had a probability of transmission of 0.
dThe probability of transmission based on the pfcsp haplotype sharing and prevalence is shown for all pairings regardless of whether they shared the haplotypes or not.
eThe number of pfcsp haplotypes shared is shown for all pairs regardless of whether they shared the haplotypes or not.