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. 2021 Feb 10;11:3518. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81741-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Changes in mitochondrial morphology in glutamate-exposed PC-12 cells are prevented by ADA-409-052. MitoTracker Red CMXRos was used to stain mitochondria of PC-12 cells after 24 h of exposure to (a,e) 20 mM glutamate, (b,f) glutamate and 10 µM ADA-409-502, or (c,g) ADA-409-052 only, plus control (d,h; media only). (b–d,f–h) Cells, exposed to ADA-409-052 in absence or presence of glutamate show a similar distribution and density of MitoTracker Red CMXRos-positive structures as control cells. (a,e) However, in glutamate-exposed cells appear distribution and density altered, and the overall number of viable cells reduced. Mitochondria were detected by confocal microscopy in live cells and magnified images (e–h) were produced using Imaris; red boxes indicate magnifications. Scale bar: 10 µm; 2 µm for magnifications.