Table 1.
Effects of plant hormones on the photosynthetic machinery under normal and stress conditions in different plant species.
| Phytohormone | Species | Effect on photosynthesis related parameters |
|---|---|---|
| Abscisic acid (ABA) | Arabidopsis | Down-regulates the expression of photosynthesis related genes (Staneloni et al., 2008; Xu et al., 2012) |
| Regulation of LHCB genes by ABA mediation (Voigt et al., 2010; Xu et al., 2012; Liu et al., 2013) | ||
| Rice and cabbage | Greater PSII efficacy, NPQ and PSII photochemistry and protection against salt and light-induced damages (Zhu et al., 2011) | |
| Strigolactone (SL) | Arabidopsis | Regulation of LHCB genes, reduced activity of Rubisco, PSI and PSII and sensitivity to photosynthesis by GR24, a synthetic SL (Mashiguchi et al., 2009; Mayzlish-Gati et al., 2010) |
| Gibberellin (GA) | Brassica napus | Decreased GA activity in transgenic plants and improved Chl content and photosynthesis (Zhou et al., 2011) |
| Citrange | Positive regulation of photosynthesis related genes (Huerta et al., 2008) | |
| Ethylene (ET) | Mustard | Facilitate the functioning of PSII and Rubisco when exposed to heavy metal (Ni and Zn) stress (Khan and Khan, 2014) |
| Jasmonic acid (JA) | Arabidopsis | Improve efficiency of quantum of PSII, deprive photosynthesis (Attaran et al., 2014) |
| Salicylic acid (SA) | Wheat | Elevated PSII capacity and delayed but enhanced recovery of the damaged D1 protein under heat and high light intensity (Zhao et al., 2011) |
| Cytokinin (CK) | Tobacco | Improved transcriptional regulation of genes linked with PSII, Cytb6f complex, PSI, NADH oxidoreductase and ATP synthase complex (Rivero et al., 2010) |
| Arabidopsis | Condensed quantum efficiency (QE) of PSII, damage D1 protein under high light intensity (Cortleven et al., 2014) |