Table 1.
Demographic, medical, and lifestyle characteristics of cases and controls.
| Uncomplicated (n = 109) | HDP (n = 51) | GH (N = 33) | PE (N = 18) | PTB (n = 53) | sPTB (n = 42) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD)/N (%) | Mean (SD)/N (%) | Mean (SD)/N (%) | Mean (SD)/N (%) | Mean (SD)/N (%) | Mean (SD)/N (%) | |
| Age | 29.87 (5.08) | 29.33 (5.73) | 29.36 (4.76) | 29.59 (7.43) | 30.9 (6.89) | 30.32 (7.04) |
| BMI at first prenatal visitf,i | 29.29 (7.83) | 34.69 (9.56) | 35.38 (10.23) | 33.74 (8.35) | 30.14 (8.47) | 29.91 (7.84) |
| Gestational age when blood sample were collected | 10.51 (1.83) | 10.74 (1.72) | 10.53 (1.65) | 11.02 (1.84) | 10.63 (2.07) | 10.78 (2.06) |
| Gravidity | ||||||
| 1 | 24 (22.02) | 13 (25.49) | 8 (24.24) | 5 (27.78) | 11 (20.75) | 9 (21.43) |
| 2 | 30 (27.52) | 15 (29.41) | 10 (30.30) | 5 (27.78) | 15 (28.3) | 13 (30.95) |
| 3 | 30 (27.52) | 15 (29.41) | 11 (33.33) | 4 (22.22) | 12 (22.64) | 8 (18.05) |
| > 3 | 25 (22.94) | 8 (15.69) | 4 (12.12) | 4 (22.22) | 15 (28.3) | 12 (28.57) |
| Raceg | ||||||
| White | 78 (71.56) | 36 (69.23) | 25 (75.76) | 11 (61.11) | 28 (52.83) | 26 (61.90) |
| Non-White | 31 (28.44) | 16 (30.77) | 8 (24.24) | 7 (38.89) | 25 (47.17) | 16 (38.10) |
| Previous gestational hypertensiond,f,h | 4 (3.67) | 8 (15.38) | 6 (18.18) | 2 (11.11) | 1 (1.89) | 1 (2.38) |
| Previous eclampsiaf,i | 3 (2.75) | 7 (13.46) | 1 (3.03) | 6 (33.33) | 3 (5.66) | 3 (7.14) |
| Pre-pregnancy obesity (medical records) b,e,f | 31 (29.25) | 27 (51.92) | 19 (57.58) | 8 (44.44) | 23 (43.4) | 18 (42.86) |
| Gestational age at deliveryb,c,e,f,i | 39.44 (0.93) | 38.25 (2.63) | 39.16 (1.03) | 36.65 (3.79) | 34.29 (3.79) | 34.28 (3.81) |
| Previous GDMa,b,d,e | 2 (1.83) | 4 (7.69) | 2 (6.06) | 2 (11.11) | 4(7.55) | 4 (9.52) |
| Smoked more than 100 cigarettes (about 5 packs) in your lifetimeb, f,h | 17 (16.67) | 16 (32) | 13 (39.39) | 3 (18.75) | 14 (28.57) | 10 (25.64) |
| Frequency exposed to second-hand smokea,d | ||||||
| Never | 29 (29) | 10 (21.74) | 8 (27.59) | 2 (12.50) | 11 (23.91) | 8 (22.22) |
| Rarely | 47 (47) | 17 (36.96) | 10 (34.48) | 7 (43.75) | 20 (43.48) | 15 (41.67) |
| Almost/everyday | 24 (24) | 19 (41.3) | 11 (37.93) | 7 (43.75) | 15 (32.61) | 13 (36.11) |
| Use of marijuana or street drugs in the year before pregnancyd,e,f,g,h | 5 (5.59) | 9 (17.31) | 6 (18.18) | 3 (16.67) | 8 (15.09) | 5 (11.90) |
| Night shift work during pregnancya,h | 10 (16.13) | 10 (33.33) | 8 (38.1) | 2 (22.22) | 4 (17.39) | 2 (10.53) |
Mean (SD): for continuous variables, mean and standard deviation are displayed; N (%): for categorical variables, number and percentage in case/control are displayed.
HDP, any hypertensive disorder of pregnancy; GH, gestational hypertension; PE, pre-eclampsia, PTB, preterm birth; sPTB, spontaneous preterm birth; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus.
ap < 0.2 (criterion for further inclusion in models) comparing HDP cases to controls.
bp < 0.2, PTB cases vs. controls.
cp < 0.2 GH cases vs. controls.
dp < 0.2 PE cases vs. controls.
ep < 0.2 sPTB cases vs. controls.
fp < 0.05, HDP cases vs. controls.
gp < 0.05, PTB cases vs. controls.
hp < 0.05, GH cases vs. controls.
ip < 0.05, PE cases vs. controls.