Table 3.
Summary of retinal arterial vascular function parameters.
| Normal Average |
ACC Normal < 120& < 80 |
ESC Normal SBP:120–129 DBP:80–84 |
ANOVA/ANCOVA p value |
ACC Elevated SBP:120–129 DBP: < 80 |
ESC High Normal SBP:130–139 DBP:85–89 |
ANOVA/ANCOVA p value |
ACC Stage I SBP:130–139 DBP:80–89 |
ESC Grade I SBP:140–159 DBP:90–99 |
ANOVA/ANCOVA p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Vein-Baseline 99.98 (0.15) |
99.96 (0.20) | 99.90 (0.78) | 0.3996 | 99.83 (0.97) | 99.99 (0.002) | 0.3733 | 99.99 (0.0025) | 99.91 (0.0022) | 0.4251 |
|
Vein-BDF 4.39 (2.04) |
4.427 (2.22) | 3.94 (2.02) | 0.2059 | 4.09 (2.22) | 5.149 (3.48) | 0.1583 | 4.70 (2.74) | 4.92 (2.48) | 0.7667 |
|
Vein-MD 104.34 (2.26) |
104.19 (2.16) | 104.06 (2.24) | 0.7239 | 104.01 (2.19) | 105.31 (2.83) | 0.5790 | 105.10 (2.73) | 104.61 (2.245) | 0.6224 |
|
Vein-tMD 22.55 (6.93) |
22.37 (6.90) | 21.53 (7.40) | 0.5058 | 22.68 (8.62) | 21.25 (6.46) | 0.5343 | 19.82 (5.45) | 20.43 (5.81) | 0.4213 |
|
Vein-MDp 4.36 (2.26) |
4.24 (2.15) | 4.19 (2.61) | 0.9114 | 4.21 (2.75) | 5.310 (2.93) | 0.1326 | 5.10 (2.73) | 4.612 (2.24) | 0.5127 |
|
Vein MC 98.71 (1.27) |
98.87 (1.14) | 99.20 (1.12) | 0.0957 | 98.36 (1.02) | 98.70 (1.51) | 0.2408 | 98.46 (1.123) | 97.13 (12.5) | 0.0383* |
|
Vein-tMC 31.68 (5.51) |
31.23 (5.62) | 30.15 (6.38) | 0.2990 | 31.26 (6.61) | 30.54 (6.34) | 0.6757 | 30.37 (5.76) | 31.0384 (5.20) | 0.6642 |
|
Vein-MCp − 1.27 (1.28) |
− 1.09 (1.18) | − 0.70 (1.55) | 0.0744 | − 0.85 (0.70) | − 1.29 (0.81) | 0.1973 | − 1.17 (1.25) | − 1.06925902 | 0.5289 |
|
Vein-DA 5.63 (2.88) |
5.325 (2.69) | 4.85 (2.81) | 0.3302 | 4.86 (1.69) | 6.60 (3.20) | 0.0869 | 6.27 (3.16) | 5.6811 (2.60) | 0.4637 |
|
Vein-BCFR 1.23 (2.19) |
0.94 (2.37) | 0.98 (2.86) | 0.9383 | 0.66 (2.79) | 1.56 (2.84) | 0.2202 | 1.52 (2.49) | 0.76220 (1.97) | 0.2591 |
|
Vein-SlopeAD 0.23 (0.13) |
0.23 (0.14) | 0.24 (0.16) | 0.5595 | 0.24 (0.175) | 0.50 (1.109) | 0.1881 | 0.39 (0.74) | 0.2697 (0.13) | 0.4007 |
|
Vein-SlopeVC − 0.24 (0.15) |
− 0.23 (0.14) | − 0.20 (0.13) | 0.2551 | − 0.20 (0.13) | − 0.27 (0.16) | 0.1062 | − 0.25 (0.17) | − 0.2318 (0.16) | 0.7306 |
Abbreviations ANOVA, analysis of variance; ANCOVA, analysis of covariance; Baseline, baseline diameter; BDF, baseline diameter fluctuation; BCFR, Baseline corrected flicker response; tMD, time to reach MD; MD (%), percent dilation; tMC, time to reach MC; MC (%), percent constriction; DA, dilation amplitude (difference between MD and MC during flicker) SlopeAD, slope of venous dilation; SlopeVC, slope of venous constriction. *Significant p values are indicated where p < 0.05 was considered significant.