Table 2.
Association between daily social media exposure and depressive symptomsa among boys, stratified by risk for depressive symptoms based on existing risk factors, 2009–2017b
| Association between daily social media and depressive symptoms at different cutscores of Depression Score (Odds Ratio, 95% CI) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depression risk | ||||||
| Cutscore | Low | Middle-low | Moderate | Middle-high | High | Overall |
| Score > 9 | 1.02 (0.93, 1.11) | 1.23 (1.02, 1.49) | 1.24 (0.94, 1.64) | 0.77 (0.52, 1.12) | 0.54 (0.18, 1.62) | 0.97 (0.92, 1.02) |
| Score > 10 | 1.02 (0.91, 1.15) | 1.09 (0.92, 1.30) | 1.10 (0.88, 1.39) | 0.89 (0.65, 1.21) | 0.68 (0.29, 1.60) | 0.95 (0.90, 1.01) |
| Score > 12 | 0.77 (0.62, 0.96) | 1.02 (0.82, 1.28) | 1.42 (1.13, 1.78) | 1.06 (0.84, 1.33) | 0.66 (0.39, 1.12) | 0.92 (0.84, 0.99) |
| Score > 15 | 0.88 (0.51, 1.53) | 0.76 (0.42, 1.38) | 1.00 (0.59, 1.69) | 1.02 (0.74, 1.39) | 0.92 (0.69, 1.24) | 0.86 (0.76, 0.98) |
| Linear Estimates for log transformed depressive symptoms (Beta, 95% CI) | ||||||
| 0.004 (−0.006, 0.015) | 0.018 (−0.007, 0.043) | 0.018 (−0.006, 0.042) | −0.003 (−0.031, 0.025) | −0.012 (−0.040, 0.017) | −0.005 (−0.017, 0.007) | |
a
Adjusted for Race/Ethnicity, Grade, Urbanicity, Parental Education, Academic Performance, Year, and Form
b
Chi-square values from joint tests of interaction effects between predicted risk score category and daily social media use for each depression score cutscore: Score >9: 5.3296, p=0.2551; Score >10: 1.7221, p=0.7867; Score >12: 13.0142, p=0.0112; Score >15: 1.101, p=0.8941; Continuous depression score: 2.82, p=0.589