Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Major mechanisms of drug resistance in BCSCs. Drug resistance is not only a result of the activation of the self-renewal (Notch and Hh signaling pathway) and anti-apoptotic (PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling) in BCSCs, but also a consequence of the promotion of metastasis (EMT and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway), anti-oxidative activity (NRF2 signaling) and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter (ABCG2) activity in BCSCs.
