Table 1.

Participants, Interventions, Comparisons, Outcomes, and Study Design (PICOS) criteria

Parameter	Criteria
Participants	Older adults with a mean or median age of ≥ 65 years
Interventions	Nutritional interventions defined as the provision of nutrients separately from the diet
Comparisons	Control group defined as a placebo product, involving no additional nutritional supplementation or as the same supplementation as the intervention group without the ingredient of interest
Outcomes	Muscle mass measures, at least 1 muscle mass measurement (ie, lean mass, appendicular lean mass, skeletal muscle mass, or fat-free mass) reported both at baseline and postintervention
Study design	Randomized controlled trials