Table 2.

Examples of youth engagement approaches used at each phase of youth HIV prevention intervention research in sub‐Saharan Africa from 2000 to 2020 (N = 74)

	Pre‐intervention phase	Intervention phase	Post‐intervention phase
Substantial youth engagement: youth‐initiated activities	Trained youth researchers initiated and planned intervention research	Trained youth researchers implemented intervention research	Trained youth researchers analysed research findings
	Crowdsourcing a open call		Youth initiated post‐intervention sustainability activities
Moderate youth engagement: adult‐initiated shared decision making with youth	Translated intervention components to youth‐acceptable language	Media and content creation Facilitated research activities Developed and delivered drama performances Developed workplans for lectures and community outreaches Led health seminars and key intervention components	Intervention data dissemination
Minimal youth engagement: no decision‐making power	Youth/Community advisory boards Focus group discussions Qualitative interviews Surveys Photovoice	Consulted for programme adaptation during on‐going implementation	Focus group discussions Qualitative interviews Surveys

^aCrowdsourcing is the process of having a group solve a problem whose solution has public benefit; this solution is then shared widely with the public [131].