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. 2021 Feb 8;6(8):2569–2612. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.030

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This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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Fig. 22 — The in vivo results of Zn and Zn-0.05 Mg alloy as bone implant [317], copyright 2018, Elsevier Ltd. (Ⅰ) Plain anteroposterior radiographs of pure Zn and Zn-0.05 Mg pins implanted in femoral shafts of rabbits. (Ⅱ) Blood biochemical indicators: (a) Albumin (b) alkaline phosphatase (c) ALT (d) AST and (e) CREA (f) UREA (g) serum magnesium (h) serum zinc. The black dot lines in (a)–(h) represent the health reference ranges. (Ⅲ) (a)–(d): Representative histology of cross-sections of bone-implant interface stained with Toluidine blue and observed by microscopy. There are normal cortical bones (blue arrow); implant (white arrow); newly formed bone fractions around the implant (red arrow); bone junction between cortical bone and new bone formation (green arrow). (e)–(h): element mapping analysis on a cross-section of bone/implant interface. Concentration of Zn (blue area); concentration of C (green area), medullary cavity regions and surrounding tissue; concentration of Ca (red area). Implants with a high Zn concentration, the newly formed bone fractions around the implants showing enriched Ca.