Table 6.
The cell biocompatibility of antibacterial stainless steel.
| Test | Alloy system | Year | Cell line | Method | Result (antibacterial stainless steel compared with stainless steel) | [Ref.] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cell viability | 317L-4.5Cu | 2011 | MG-63 | MTT | significant cellular growth | [16,214] |
| 2015 | SaOS-2 | MTT | no significant difference | [246] | ||
| 2016 | MC3T3-E1 | real-time cell analysis (RTCA) | no significant difference | [216] | ||
| 304-3.9Cu | 2013 | MG-63; KB | CCK-8 | no significant difference | [16] | |
| 316-4.5Cu | 2016 | rMSC | MTT | no significant difference | [211] | |
| 2016 | UEC | MTT | no significant difference | [215,245] | ||
| 2018 | UEC | MTS | significant cellular growth | [215,245] | ||
| Cell apoptosis | 304-3.9Cu | 2013 | MG-63; KB | Annexin V-FITC/PI staining | no significant difference | [16] |
| 317L-4.5Cu | 2015 | SaOS-2 | Annexin V-FITC/PI staining | significantly lower | [246] | |
| 316-4.5Cu | 2018 | UEC | Annexin V-FITC/PI staining | significantly lower | [215,245] | |
| Cell differentiation | 317L-4.5Cu | 2015 | SaOS-2 | ALP | mildly higher | [246] |
| cells migration | 316-4.5Cu | 2016 | UEC | wound healing assay | more cells migrated toward the wound | [215,245] |