Figure 1.

Observed and predicted drug-induced changes in risk of the composite endpoint of doubling of serum creatinine to ⩾200 μmol/L or ESRD (A) and the ESRD endpoint (B) in the RENAAL dataset. Predictions based on The Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) risk score are presented for only the composite renal endpoint since the ADVANCE risk score was developed using this specific endpoint. Predictions based on the KFRE are presented for only the ESRD endpoint since the KFRE was developed to predict ESRD events. PRE predictions are shown for both endpoints.

ESRD, end-stage renal disease; ADVANCE, The Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation; KFRE, Kidney Failure Risk Equation; PRE, Parameter Response Efficacy.