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. 2021 Feb 1;6(5):3548–3570. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04763

Table 1. Compiled List of Reported Natural Compounds Exhibiting AHP Activity.

# (Compound ID) PubChem ID compound name IC50 value (μg/mL) reference
1 (1) 2353 berberine 8–40 μg/mL (22)
2 (2–3) 72300 magnolol 10–20 μg/mL  
3 (4) 442126 decursin 6–20 μg/mL  
4 (5) 0370 gallic acid 200 μg/mL  
5 (6) 444539 cinnamic acid 80–100 μg/mL  
6 (7–8) 25201019 ponciretin 10–20 μg/mL (23)
7 (9–10) 5281789 licoisoflavone 6.25 μg/mL  
8 (11–12) 5281781 irisolidone 12.5–25 μg/mL  
9 (13–14) 5280961 genistein 890 μg/mL  
10 (15) 628528 cabreuvin 62.5 μg/mL  
11 (16) 72281 hesperetin 20–80 μg/mL  
12 (17) 637542 caumeric acid 10–160 μg/mL (24)
13 (18) 689043 caffeic acid 0.5 μg/mL  
14 (19) 5281792 rosmarinic acid NR/A  
15 (20) 11644379 (Z)-campherene-2β,13-diol NR/A (25)
16 (21–22) 11218565 (Z)-7-hydroxy nuciferol NR/A  
17 (23) 6857681 Z(β)-santanol 7.8–15.6 μg/mL  
18 (24) 15560069 (Z)-lanceol 7.8–31.3 μg/mL  
19 (25) 10114 GrA 0.4 μg/mL (26)
20 (26–27) 1183 venillin >100 μg/mL (27)
21 (28) 14287147 15-acetoxyisocuperrsic acid 250 μg/mL  
22 (29) 14680349 agathic acid-15-methylester 130 μg/mL  
23 (30) 101297697 agathalic acid >100 μg/mL  
24 (31–32) 44584263 viscidone 100 μg/mL  
25 (33–34) 5352001 ermanin >100 μg/mL  
26 (35–36) 5459196 betuletol >100 μg/mL  
27 (37–38) 5281666 kaempferide >100 μg/mL  
28 (39) 7444 azoene NR/A  
29 (40) 167551 anacardic acid 10 μg/mL (28)
30 (41) 443023 syringaresinol 500 μg/mL (29)
31 (42–43) 3806 juglone 30 ± 4 μmol/L (30)
32 (44–45) 92503 vestitol 12.5 μg/mL (31)
33 (46–47) 5319013 licoricone 12.5–25 μg/mL  
34 (48) 480873 1-methoxyphaseollidin 16 μg/mL  
35 (49) 480865 licoricidin 6.25–12.5 μg/mL  
36 (50) 114829 liquiritigenin 50 μg/mL  
37 (51) 124052 glabridin 12.5–25 μg/mL  
38 (52) 480774 glabrene 12.5 μg/mL  
39 (53–54) 5320083 glycyrol >50 μg/mL  
40 (55) 1794427 chlorogenic acid 6.25 μg/mL (32)
41 (56) 440735 eriodictyol 50 μg/mL  
42 (57–58) 439533 taxifolin 25 μg/mL  
43 (59–60) 5281691 rhamnetin 50 μg/mL  
44 (61–92) 6442633 spiciformin 6.25–50 μg/mL  
45 (93) 7605278 tanachin NR/A  
46 (94) 445154 resveratrol 6.25–400 μg/mL (33)
47 (95–97) 65064 EGCG 100 μg/mL (34)
48 (98) 5281794 shogaol NR/A  
49 (99–101) 5281855 ellagic acid 6.25–50 μg/mL (35)
50 (102–103) 5281672 myricetin >50 μg/mL  
51 (104–108) 969516 curcumin 5–50 μg/mL (20)
52 (109) 358901 phyllanthin 97.7 μg/mL  
53 (110) 243 benzoic acid 60–320 mg/mL  
54 (111) 289 catechol 0.5 μg/mL  
55 (112–113) 5350 isothiocyanate sulforaphane 70 g/day  
56 (114) 6251 mannitol 0.5 μg/mL  
57 (115) 6344 dichloromethane 15.6 μg/mL  
58 (116) 6989 thymol 0.035 ± 0.13 mL/mL  
59 (117–119) 7428 methylgallate 97.7 μg/mL  
60 (120) 7461 γ-terpinene 0.035 ± 0.13 mL/mL  
61 (121) 7463 p-cymene 0.035 ± 0.13 mL/mL  
62 (122) 10364 carvacrol 0.035 ± 0.13 mL/mL  
63 (123) 10742 syringic acid 38 ± 2.2 μg/mL  
64 (124–125) 11092 paeonol 60–320 mg/mL  
65 (126–127) 17100 α-terpineol NR/A  
66 (128) 61041 safranal 32 μg/mL  
67 (129–130) 65036 allicin 32 μg/mL  
68 (131–132) 69600 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzaldehyde 39 μg/mL  
69 (133) 10333023 altissin 6.25–50 μg/mL  
70 (134) 73174 dehydrocostus lactone 490 μg/mL  
71 (135–136) 73440 dehydroleucodine 1–8 mg/L  
72 (137) 83043 2,5-Bis(methoxycarbonyl)terephthalic acid 12.5–400 μg/mL  
73 (138–139) 162350 isovitexin 6.25 μg/mL  
74 (140) 168114 8-gingerol 10–160 μg/mL  
75 (141) 168115 10-gingerol 10–160 μg/mL  
76 (142–143) 265237 WA NR/A  
77 (144–145) 287064 protocatechuic 10–160 μg/mL  
78 (146) 336327 medicarpin 25 μm  
79 (147) 439514 scopolin 50 μg/mL  
80 (148) 10333024 sivasinolide 6.25–50 μg/mL  
81 (149) 442793 6-gingerol 10–160 μg/mL  
82 (150) 101401747 psoracorylifol B 12.5–25 μg/mL  
83 (151) 445858 ferulic acid 0.5 μg/mL  
84 (152) 637776 methyl isoeugenol NR/A  
85 (153) 638024 piperine NR/A  
86 (154–155) 5280441 vitexin 6.25 μg/mL  
87 (156–157) 42607682 3′-PR 3.12–6.25 μg/mL  
88 (158–159) 5280443 apigenin 3.15 mg/mL  
89 (160–161) 5280445 luteolin 5–10 μg/mL  
90 (162–163) 5280459 quercetin-3-rhamnoside 97.7 μg/mL  
91 (164–165) 5280460 scopoletin 50 μg/mL  
92 (166–167) 5281605 baicalein 5–10 μg/mL  
93 (168–170) 5281650 α-mangostin 31.3 μg/mL  
94 (171–172) 5281811 tectorigenin 100 μm  
95 (173–174) 5281832 arborinine ≤200 μg/mL  
96 (175–176) 5318998 licochalcone A NR/A  
97 (177–184) 5319518 methyl brevifolincarboxylate 97.7 μg/mL  
98 (185–186) 5320946 rhamnocitrin 97.7 μg/mL  
99 (187) 5470187 zerumbone 250 μg/mL  
100 (188–189) 5495925 β-mangostin 250 μg/mL  
101 (190–192) 6419835 CG NR/A  
102 (193) 6451060 ovatodiolide 50–100 μm  
103 (194–195) 9548634 glucoraphanin NR/A  
104 (196) 10095770 wistin 100 μm  
105 (197–199) 10386850 cowaxanthone 4.6 μm  
106 (200) 10955174 patchouli alcohol 20 μm  
107 (201) 11165077 6S,9R roseoside 6.25 μg/mL  
108 (202) 11223782 phyltetralin 97.7 μg/mL  
109 (203) 11673265 lippidulcine NR/A  
110 (204–206) 11827150 fuscaxanthone I 4.6 μm  
111 (207) 16091559 peroxylippidulcine NR/A  
112 (208–211) 44258361 isoembigenin 6.25 μg/mL  
113 (212–215) 44421210 isomasticadienolic acid 0.202 mg/mL  
114 (216–217) 52947057 methylantcinate 50 mm  
115 (218–219) 62379750 1-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-methylbutan-1-one 12.5–400 μg/mL  
116 (220) 92023653 fucoidan NR/A  
117 (221) 101918993 neolignan ketone 6.25 μg/mL  
118 (222–224) 4970 protopine 100 μg/mL  
119 (25–228) 11620 l-sulforaphene 4–32 μg/mL  
120 (229) 16871 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 0.156–0.625 μg/mL  
121 (230) 10682896 boropinic acid 1.62 μg/mL  
122 (231) 78160 erucin 4–32 μg/mL  
123 (232) 179806 5,7-dihydroxy-8-methyl-6-prenylflavanone NR/A  
124 (233–235) 197835 β-hydrastine 100.0 μg/mL  
125 (236–237) 206035 alyssin 4–32 μg/mL  
126 (238) 206037 berteroin 4–32 μg/mL  
127 (239) 442361 7,4′-dihydroxy-8-methylflavan 31.3 μM  
128 (240) 3080557 erysolin 4–32 μg/mL  
129 (241) 5281331 spinasterol 20–80 μg/mL  
130 (242) 5317303 1-methyl-2-[(Z)-8-tridecenyl]-4-(1H)-quinolone >0.05 μg/mL  
131 (243) 5319779 1-methyl-2-[(Z)-7-tridecenyl]-4-(1H)-quinolone 0.05 μg/mL  
132 (244) 14466152 tatridin-A 6.25–50 μg/mL  
133 (245–246) 11848147 psoracorylifol A 12.5–25 μg/mL  
134 (1) 9852086 ginsenoside NR/A (20)
135 (2–3) 73178 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose 8 μg/mL  
136 (4–5) 73568 corilagin 4 μg/mL  
137 (6) 114627 neoeriocitrin 0.625–5 (% v/v)  
138 (7) 442428 naringin 0.625–5 (% v/v)  
139 (8) 442439 neohesperidin 0.625–5 (% v/v)  
140 (9–10) 5280805 rutin 97.7 μg/mL  
141 (11) 5281800 acteoside 15–60 μg/mL  
142 (12–13) 5281847 rottlerin 312–625 μg/L  
143 (14) 5282153 luteolin-7-O-β-d-diglucuronide 90 μg/mL  
144 (15–16) 5388496 punicalin 125.0 μg/mL  
145 (17) 6439941 terniflorin 50–100 μm  
146 (18) 6476333 isoacteoside 50–100 μm  
147 (19–20) 10033935 ellagitannin 0.8 mg/mL  
148 (21–22) 16129778 tannin 125 μg/mL  
149 (23–24) 24847856 arabinogalactan NR/A  
150 (25–26) 44584733 punicalagin 0.8 mg/mL  
151 (27–28) 71436711 brasiliensic acid 50 μg/mL  
152 (29–30) 101304443 isobrasiliensic acid 12.5 μg/mL  
153 (31–32) 101973939 fukugiside 10.8 μm  
154 (33–34) 162221834 gallagic acid 125.0 μg/mL  
155 (35) 448438 violaxanthin >100 μg/mL  
156 (36) 5281247 neoxanthin 11–27 μg/mL  
157 (37–38) 12112747 luteoxanthin 7.9 μg/mL  
158 (39–40) 23634523 cochinchinenin B 29.5 μM  
159 (41–42) 23634528 cochinchinenin C 29.5 μM