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. 2021 Jan 28;6(5):3910–3920. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05776

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© 2021 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society

This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Non-Commercial No Derivative Works (CC-BY-NC-ND) Attribution License, which permits copying and redistribution of the article, and creation of adaptations, all for non-commercial purposes.

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Illustration of the state, shape, and size of water droplets on different VMFs at different times (D = 0.3 mm; P = 2.5 mm): (a) the first 30 s; (b) the first 60 s; (c) the time for large droplets to reach the critical sliding volume before it starts to slide down; (d) illustration of the side and top views: S1, S2, S3, and S4 are new 3D droplet capture areas of the lubricated–hydrophilic filament, hydrophilic filament, hydrophobic filament, and hydrophilic/hydrophobic filament (bump/PU–SA filament) in the same length segment (h) on the vertical filament surface, respectively. S3D is the original droplet capture area of the bump/PU–SA filament surface. L1, l2, l3, and l4 are the distance between adjacent droplets of the lubricated–hydrophilic filament, hydrophilic filament, hydrophobic filament, and hydrophilic/hydrophobic filament, respectively.