Table 3.

Comparison of the concentrations of biochemical parameters among healthy volunteers, patients with PC and benign pancreatic diseases

Biomarkers	HVs	BPDs	PCs			p value (s)
	(n = 120)	(n = 94)	Total (n = 114)	TS1 + TS2 (n = 45)	TS3 + TS4 (n = 69)	PC vs. HVs	PC vs. BPDs	TS1 + TS2 vs. HVs	TS1 + TS2 vs. BPDs	TS1 + TS2 vs. TS3 + TS4
ATX (ng/mL)
Median	255.3	267.5	392.6	294.9	422	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.005*	0.023*	< 0.001
Range	130–1408	184–977	297–1753	262–1455	312–1620
LPA(ug/mL)
Median	10.8	9.83	17.48	15.75	24.6	0.004*	< 0.001	0.057	0.044*	0.002*
Range	5.2–49	4.9–28.2	8.1–97	8.3–92	9.5–97.3
CA19-9 (U/mL)
Median	36.3	51.2	185.4	131.1	217.4	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001
Range	13–69.1	21–105.3	24–970	23–289	32–970

HVs, healthy volunteers; PC, pancreatic cancer; TS, tumor stage

^*Depicts significance at p value < 0.05