Figure 6.

Vascular endothelial growth factor intervention increases oxygen consumption of breast cancer cells. The breast cancer cells, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, were cultured in XFp 96-well plates (1.8 × 10⁴/well) for 24 h. The cells were then treated with vehicle (0.01% dimethyl sulfoxide), 2.5, or 5 μM Ki8751 for 24 h prior to the assay. The oxygen consumption rate was analyzed at basal conditions and after sequential additions of oligomycin (1 μM), carbonyl cyanide-4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (1 μM), and antimycin/rotenone (0.5 μM). All metabolic assays were normalized to the total protein content. Data plotted are the mean ± SEM from MCF-7 (panel A) and MDA-MB-231 cells (B). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01, as compared to the control; n = 3.