Figure 6.

Rap increases IL-4 stimulated glucose uptake and lactate production of Il33Tg BMDMs, and IL-33/ST2 signals in macrophages promote tumor growth in mice. BMDMs were cultured as described in Figure 1. Relative ATP levels (A), glucose uptake (B) and relative lactic acid production (C). * P < 0.05 vs. WT in basal or IL-4 treated conditions, # P < 0.05 treatment with Rap vs. no Rap when IL-33 was overexpressed. BMDMs from BALB/c or Il33Tg mice were cultured with or without IL-4 (25 ng/mL). After 24 h of stimulation, the MMPs stained with JC-1 were detected by flow cytometry (D). After the same treatment as in (A), p70s6k and P-p70s6k were analyzed by Western blot (E). Wild-type and ST2KO mice were inoculated with B16 cells on the back (6 mice per group; representative results are shown). Tumor pictures (F) were taken, and average tumor weights (G) were determined on the 28th day for tumor-bearing mice; average tumor volume (H) was measured every 7 days. Average mouse body weight (I) was determined. B16 cells were inoculated on the backs of wild-type and IL-33 overexpressing mice, and tumor pictures were taken on day 28, when tumor-bearing mice were sacrificed (J). The average tumor weight (K), average tumor volume (L) and average mouse weight (M) were measured every 7 days. Vertical bars = SEM (n = 3). Data are representative of 3 experiments.