TABLE 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of early HCC patients in the training cohort and validation cohort
| Characteristic | All cohort | Training cohort | Validation cohort | P‐value a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 3620 | n = 2536 | n = 1084 | ||
| N(%) | N(%) | N(%) | ||
| Age | 0.051 | |||
| ≤65 | 2413 (66.7%) | 1662 (65.5%) | 751 (69.3%) | |
| >65 | 1207 (33.3%) | 874 (34.5%) | 333 (30.7%) | |
| Gender | 0.307 | |||
| Female | 909 (25.1%) | 649 (25.6%) | 260 (24.0%) | |
| Male | 2711 (74.9%) | 1887 (74.4%) | 824 (76.0%) | |
| Race | 0.278 | |||
| White | 2436 (67.3%) | 1692 (66.7%) | 744 (68.6%) | |
| Black | 464 (12.8%) | 322 (12.7%) | 142 (13.1%) | |
| Other | 720 (19.9%) | 522 (20.6%) | 198 (18.3%) | |
| Grade | 0.744 | |||
| I/II | 3083 (85.2%) | 2163 (85.3%) | 920 (84.9%) | |
| III/IV | 537 (14.8%) | 373 (14.7%) | 164 (15.1%) | |
| T stage | 0.462 | |||
| T1 | 2227 (61.5%) | 1570 (61.9%) | 657 (60.6%) | |
| T2 | 1393 (38.5%) | 966 (38.1%) | 427 (39.4%) | |
| Surgery | 0.213 | |||
| Yes | 2537 (70.1%) | 1793 (70.7%) | 744 (68.6%) | |
| No | 1083 (29.9%) | 743 (29.3%) | 340 (31.4%) | |
| Radiotherapy | 0.823 | |||
| Yes | 51 (1.4%) | 35 (1.4%) | 16 (1.5%) | |
| No | 3569 (98.6%) | 2501 (98.6%) | 1068 (98.5%) | |
| Chemotherapy | 0.340 | |||
| Yes | 1148 (31.7%) | 792 (31.2%) | 356 (32.8%) | |
| No/unknown | 2472 (68.3%) | 1744 (68.8%) | 728 (67.2%) | |
| Tumor size | 0.567 | |||
| <3 cm | 1777 (49.1%) | 1237 (48.8%) | 540 (49.8%) | |
| 3–5 cm | 1843 (50.9%) | 1299 (51.2%) | 544 (50.2%) | |
| Insurance | 0.786 | |||
| Any medicaid | 773 (21.4%) | 547 (21.6%) | 226 (20.8%) | |
| Insured | 2761 (76.3%) | 1931 (76.1%) | 830 (76.6%) | |
| Uninsured | 86 (2.4%) | 58 (2.3%) | 28 (2.6%) | |
| Marital status | 0.175 | |||
| Married | 2118 (58.5%) | 1499 (59.1%) | 619 (57.1%) | |
| Single | 701 (19.4%) | 501 (19.8%) | 200 (18.5%) | |
| Divorced/separated | 518 (14.3%) | 347 (13.7%) | 171 (15.8%) | |
| Widowed | 283 (7.8%) | 189 (7.5%) | 94 (8.7%) | |
| County‐level median household income b | 0.098 | |||
| 77.04–110.97 K | 912 (25.2%) | 652 (25.7%) | 260 (24.0%) | |
| 61.03–77.03 K | 832 (23.0%) | 554 (21.8%) | 278 (25.6%) | |
| 54.36–61.02 K | 989 (27.3%) | 701 (27.6%) | 288 (26.6%) | |
| 19.26–54.35 K | 887 (24.5%) | 629 (24.8%) | 258 (23.8%) |
Abbreviation: HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma.
a
Chi‐square test.
b
Shown in U.S. dollars.