Figure 9.

Microneedles applied to diverse body parts. (a) Schematic illustration of the oral insulin delivery process with intestine-applied microneedles. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [93], copyright 2019, Springer Nature. (b) Microneedles integrated on a drug-eluting balloon for endovascular drug delivery: (i) optical images of the microneedle balloon; (ii) schematic illustration of its application. The scale bar is 300 μm. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [85], copyright 2020, Elsevier B.V. (c) Schematic illustrations of microneedles fixed to a surgical mesh and their application in perivascular drug delivery. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [25], copyright 2017, Elsevier B.V. (d) Separable microneedles for ocular drug delivery: (i) digital image of the microneedle patch; (ii) schematic illustration of its application. Reproduced with permission from Ref. [86], copyright 2018, Springer Nature.