Figure 1.

The structure schematic and carrier kinetics of the dynamic PN water junction generator. (a) The three-dimensional diagram of the dynamic liquid-semiconductor junction structure generator, which consists of two semiconductors, Ti/Au electrodes, liquid, and PVC layer. The curves of the (b) voltage generation and (c) current generation depends on time. Each peak of voltage and current stands for an independent process of the water droplet movement. Schematic drawing showing the working mechanism and charge transport process of the dynamic PN water junction generator under (d) contacted, (e) polarized, and (f) left and (g) right sliding states. The hole and electron are represented in positive and negative sign, respectively. With the movement of water droplet, these interfacial holes and electrons are released and generate directional current output, which shows the characteristics of isotropy in the moving direction and electricity.