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. 2021 Jan 28;11:596263. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.596263

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Copyright © 2021 Bloomfield, Chen and Cimini.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Tetraploidization has a variable effect on cell and nuclear volume in DLD-1 cells. (A) Analysis of chromosome number to confirm ploidy in DLD-1 cells and derived tetraploid clones (n = 50 for each). (B) Nuclear and (C) cell volume measurements in parental DLD-1 cells and 4N DLD-1 clones synchronized in G2. Data are reported as mean ± SEM with individual data points from three independent experiments in which a total of 27–44 cells (n = 35, 44, 28, 39, and 27, respectively) were analyzed. ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, when compared to the parental DLD-1 cells by Student's t-test. (D) Examples of S1 (top) and L1 (bottom) cells used for nuclear (blue) and cell (green) volume analysis. Images are maximum intensity projections from Z-stacks along the X–Y coordinates (left three columns) or along the X–Z coordinates (right column). All scale bars, 10 μm.