Table 2. Pooled prevalence of comorbidities and clinical features among ICU-admitted COVID-19 patients.
| Clinical characteristics | Number of studies pooled | Heterogeneity | Prevalence (95%CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q test P-value | I2 | |||
| COMORBIDITIES | ||||
| Hypertension | 15 | <0.01 | 78.81 | 0.51 (0.46–0.56) |
| Obesity | 5 | <0.01 | 94.85 | 0.35 (0.23–0.49) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 17 | <0.01 | 89.74 | 0.29 (0.23–0.37) |
| Respiratory viral co-infection | 3 | <0.01 | 94.46 | 0.21 (0.004–0.94) |
| CHF | 5 | <0.01 | 88.36 | 0.16 (0.10–0.25) |
| Smoking | 6 | <0.01 | 90.14 | 0.15 (0.07–0.31) |
| CVD | 3 | 0.4 | 00.00 | 0.13 (0.104–0.17) |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 3 | <0.01 | 90.43 | 0.13 (0.03–43) |
| Asthma | 5 | 0.4 | 00.00 | 0.103 (0.08–0.13) |
| Chronic Kidney disease | 15 | <0.01 | 96.97 | 0.09 (0.04–0.18) |
| COPD | 12 | <0.01 | 78.08 | 0.09 (0.06–0.13) |
| Malignancy | 13 | <0.01 | 93.33 | 0.07 (0.04–0.12) |
| Immunosuppressive therapy | 5 | 0.04 | 73.87 | 0.06 (0.03–0.12) |
| History of organ transplantation | 2 | 0.4 | 00.00 | 0.05 (0.03–0.09) |
| Liver disease | 11 | <0.01 | 90.99 | 0.03 (0.01–0.07) |
| HIV | 3 | 0.7 | 00.00 | 0.03 (0.01–0.05) |
| COMPLICATIONS | ||||
| ARDS | 6 | <0.01 | 96.13 | 0.84 (0.59–0.95) |
| AKI | 6 | <0.01 | 96.49 | 0.32 (0.13–0.58) |
| SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS | ||||
| Fever | 11 | <0.01 | 92.95 | 0.81 (0.67–0.89) |
| Cough | 12 | <0.01 | 89.08 | 0.76 (0.56–0.77) |
| Shortness of breath | 10 | <0.01 | 82.21 | 0.75 (0.66–0.81) |
| Malaise | 3 | <0.01 | 89.39 | 0.53 (0.25–0.79) |
| Fatigue | 5 | <0.01 | 82.76 | 0.46 (0.32–0.61) |
| Myalgia | 8 | <0.01 | 83.26 | 0.23 (0.14–0.36) |
| Diarrhea | 9 | 0.03 | 52.71 | 0.23 (0.17–0.29) |
| Sore throat | 2 | 0.1 | 62.68 | 0.12 (0.05–0.27) |
| Nausea and vomiting | 5 | 0.06 | 54.94 | 0.11 (0.07–0.19) |
| Headache | 9 | <0.01 | 79.45 | 0.11 (0.05–0.22) |
| Rhinorrhea | 4 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.09 (0.06–0.13) |
| INVESTIGATIONAL FINDINGS | ||||
| Bilateral infiltrates on chest radiography | 6 | <0.01 | 96.73 | 0.83 (0.53–0.96) |
| Lymphocytes, <1000/μL | 6 | 0.09 | 47.49 | 0.78(0.72–0.84) |
| AST >40/L | 4 | 0.03 | 65.55 | 0.58 (0.35–0.75) |
| ALT >40/L | 3 | <0.01 | 87.26 | 0.47 (0.14–0.83) |
| Troponin, >99th percentile | 2 | 0.3 | 22.04 | 0.22 (0.11–0.39) |
Pooled prevalence of COVID-19 ICU admitted patients’ clinical characteristics including comorbidities, symptoms, signs, laboratory and radiographic findings, as well as complications of ARDS and AKI. Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; AKI, acute kidney injury; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease.