Table 3. Meta-analysis of associations between COVID-19 ICU patient characteristics and ICU mortality.
| Patient characteristics | OR (95%CI) | Heterogeneity | Number of studies | Number of non-surviving patients | Number of discharged patients | Non-surviving patients with the comorbidity | Discharged patients with the comorbidity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P-value | I2 | |||||||
| Symptoms and signs | ||||||||
| Dyspnea | 2.56 (1.65–3.99) | 0.2 | 39.61 | 2 | 165 | 231 | 121 | 120 |
| Cough | 1.38 (0.88–2.15) | 0.8 | 0 | 2 | 165 | 231 | 121 | 152 |
| Fever | 0.84 (0.55–1.28) | 0.9 | 0 | 3 | 283 | 495 | 167 | 260 |
| Patient demographics | ||||||||
| Age > 60 years | 3.7 (2.87–4.78) | 0.1 | 49.08 | 5 | 3119 | 3258 | 2207 | 1375 |
| Gender (male) | 1.37 (1.23–1.54) | 0.5 | 0 | 8 | 2839 | 3190 | 2072 | 2092 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||||
| HTN | 2.02 (1.37–2.98) | 0.07 | 51.68 | 6 | 610 | 717 | 359 | 284 |
| DM | 1.78 (1.19–2.65) | 0.1 | 41.9 | 5 | 281 | 396 | 72 | 64 |
| CVD | 2.77 (1.76–4.37) | 0.1 | 44.87 | 6 | 333 | 525 | 65 | 40 |
| COPD | 3.22 (1.03–10.09) | 0.06 | 55.03 | 5 | 301 | 505 | 34 | 20 |
| Smoking | 1.19 (0.48–2.92) | 0.2 | 42.06 | 3 | 141 | 177 | 12 | 11 |
| CVSD | 3.84 (0.48–30.89) | 0.3 | 16.95 | 2 | 39 | 28 | 8 | 1 |
| Complications and IMV | ||||||||
| ARDS | 6.52 (2.66–16.01) | 0.5 | 0 | 3 | 172 | 49 | 161 | 28 |
| AKI | 12.47 (1.52–102.7) | 0.005 | 81.15 | 3 | 172 | 239 | 94 | 9 |
| IMV | 16.46 (4.37–61.96) | <0.001 | 91.2 | 3 | 217 | 360 | 163 | 92 |
COVID-19 ICU patient characteristics including analyzed demographics, presenting symptoms, comorbidities, complications and IMV and the corresponding number of non-surviving and discharged patients. Abbreviations: ARDS, adult respiratory distress syndrome; AKI, acute kidney injury; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; CVSD, cerebrovascular disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; HTN, hypertension, IMV, invasive mechanical ventilation.