Table 2.

List of miRNAs associated with AIC from previous studies in different models

miRNA	Model	Sample	Anthracyclines type	Regulation	Putative target pathway	References
miR‐17‐5p	Human	Blood	EC‐D	Down	Not reported	74
miR‐210	Human	Blood	EC‐D	Down	Not reported	74
let‐7a	Human	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	49
let‐7f	Human	Blood	EC‐D	Down	Not reported	74
let‐7f‐2‐3p	Cell lines	Cardiomyocytes	DOX	Up	Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 inhibits XPO1‐mediated HAX‐1 nuclear export	75
Let‐7g	Rat	Heart tissue	DOX, L‐DOX	Down	Not reported	76, 77
miR‐1	Human/rat/mice	Plasma/heart tissue	DOX	Up	Not reported	50, 78, 79
miR‐1	Cell lines	Cardiomyocytes from treated animals	Epirubicin	Down	Suppress the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and NF‐κB signalling pathways	80
miR‐122‐5P	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	81
miR‐125	Human	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	49
miR‐126‐3p	Human	Plasma	Epirubicin	Up	Not reported	48
miR‐127‐3p	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	81
miR‐1303	Cell lines	Cardiomyocytes	DOX	Down	Not reported	82
miR‐130a	Cell lines	Cardiac cells	DOX	Up	Apoptosis pathway	83
miR‐133a	Rat, mice	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	78, 84
miR‐133a‐3p	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	81
miR‐133a‐3p	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	85
miR‐133b	Mice/human	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	50, 84
miR‐1‐3p	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	81
miR‐140‐3p	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	85
miR‐140‐5p	Rat/mice	Heart tissue	DOX	Up	Mitochondrial apoptosis, oxidative stress	86, 87
miR‐143	Human	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	49
miR‐145	Human	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	49
miR‐146a	Human	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	50
miR‐146a	Rat	Neonatal rat cardiac myocytes	DOX	Up	ErbB4	88
miR‐146a	Cell lines	(hPSC‐CM)	DOX	Down	MMPs via the Fos/AP‐1 pathway	89
miR‐15b	Cell lines	(hPSC‐CM)	DOX	Down	TGFβ‐pathway	89
miR‐15b‐5p	Rat	Cardiomyocytes from treated animals	DOX	Up	Apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondria damage	90
miR‐182‐5p	Cell lines	Cardiomyocytes	DOX	Up	Not reported	82
miR‐187‐3p	Cell lines	Cardiomyocytes	DOX	Up	Not reported	82
miR‐191	Human	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	49
miR‐199a‐3p	Human	Plasma	Epirubicin	Up	Not reported	48
miR‐1a	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	84
miR‐200c	Mice	Heart tissue	DOX	Up	Zinc finger E‐box	91
miR‐206	Rat	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	78
miR‐208a	Rat	Heart tissue	DOX, L‐DOX	Down	Myosin heavy chain expression	76
miR‐208a	Mice	Heart tissue	DOX	Up	GATA4	92
miR‐208a	Human	Plasma	DOX	Not released	Not reported	93
miR‐208b	Rat	Rat heart	DOX	Up	Not reported	94
miR‐20a	Human	Blood	EC‐D	Down	Not reported	74
miR‐21	Mice	Heart tissue	DOX	Up	Not reported	79, 95
miR‐21	Rat/mice	Mouse heart tissues and rat H9C2 cardiomyocytes	DOX	Up	B cell translocation gene 2	96
miR‐21	Human	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	49
miR‐215	Rat	Rat heart	DOX	Up	Not reported	94
miR‐215‐5p	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	81
miR‐216b	Rat	Rat heart	DOX	Up	Not reported	94
miR‐23a	Rat	Primary neonatal rat ventricular myocytes	DOX	Up	PGC‐1α/p‐Drp1, thereby inhibiting mitochondria‐dependent apoptosis	97
miR‐29b	Rat	Heart tissue	DOX	Down	Mitochondria‐dependent pathway by directly targeting Bax	98
miR‐29b	Human	Plasma	Anthracycline	Up	Not reported	51
miR‐30	Rat	Cardiomyocytes from treated animals	DOX	Down	Pro‐apoptotic gene BNIP3L/NIX	99
miR‐30a	Rat	Cardiomyocytes from treated animals	DOX	Up	Autophagy in a miR‐30e/beclin‐1 signal pathway	100
miR‐30e	Rat	Cardiomyocytes from treated animals	DOX	Up	Autophagy in a miR‐30e/beclin‐1 signal pathway	100
miR‐301b‐3p	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	85
miR‐30c	Rat	Cardiomyocytes from treated animals	DOX	Up	Autophagy in a miR‐30e/beclin‐1 signal pathway	100
miR‐320a	Mice	Heart tissue	DOX	Up	Not reported	101
miR‐32‐5p	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	85
miR‐339	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	84
miR‐34a	Mice, rat/cell lines	Plasma, heart tissue/(hPSC‐CM)	DOX	Up	Not reported	84, 89, 102, 103
miR‐34a‐3p	Cell lines	Cardiomyocytes	DOX	Up	Not reported	82
miR‐34a‐5p	Mice/rat	Cardiomyocytes/plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	81, 85, 104
miR‐34a‐5p	Human	Plasma	Epirubicin	Up	Not reported	48, 104
miR‐34b‐3p	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	85
mir‐34c	Rat	Rat heart	DOX	Up	Not reported	94
miR‐34c‐3p	Cell lines	Cardiomyocytes	DOX	Up	Not reported	82
miR‐34c‐5p	Mice/cell lines	Plasma/cardiomyocytes	DOX	Up	Not reported	82, 85
miR‐361	Human	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	49
miR‐367	Rat	Rat heart	DOX	Up	Not reported	94
miR‐378	Human	Blood	EC‐D	Down	Not reported	74
miR‐423‐5p	Human	Plasma	DOX/epirubicin	Up	Not reported	48, 50
miR‐431‐5p	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	85
miR‐4423‐3p	Cell lines	Cardiomyocytes	DOX	Up	Not reported	82
miR‐451a	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	85
miR‐455‐3‐p	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	81
miR‐486‐3p	Cell lines	Cardiomyocytes	DOX	Up	Not reported	82
miR‐486‐5p	Cell lines	Cardiomyocytes	DOX	Up	Not reported	82
miR‐499	Human	Plasma	Anthracycline	Up	Not reported	51
mir‐499‐5p	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	85
miR‐499a‐5p	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	81
miR‐500a‐3p	NA	Cardiomyocytes	DOX	Down	Not reported	105
miR‐532‐3p	NA	Cardiomyocytes	DOX	Up	Not reported	105
miR‐532‐3p	Mice	Mice heart and cardiomyocytes	DOX	Up	Mitochondrial fission and apoptosis	106
miR‐6236	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	84
miR‐6240	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	84
miR‐6946	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	84
miR‐7058	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Up	Not reported	84
miR‐93‐5p	Mice	Plasma	DOX	Down	Not reported	85

AIC, anthracycline‐induced cardiotoxicity; Akt, protein kinase B; AP‐1, Activator protein 1; BAX , Bcl‐2 Associated X‐protein; BNIP3L, BCL2 Interacting Protein 3 Like; DOX, doxorubicin; EC‐D, epirubicin/cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel; Erb‐B2, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 4; GATA4, GATA Binding Protein 4; HAX1, HCLS1 Associated Protein X‐1; hPSC‐CM, human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; miRNA, microRNA; MMPs, Matrix metallopeptidases; mTOR, The mammalian target of rapamycin; NEAT1, Nuclear Enriched Abundant Transcript 1; NF‐κB, Nuclear factor kappa B; PI3K, Phosphoinositide 3‐kinase; PGC‐1α, coactivator 1‐alpha; TGFβ, Transforming growth factor beta; XPO1, Exportin 1.