Table 1.
Demographic and summary measures of the samples.
| Resting-State fMRI Sample | Task-Driven fMRI Sample | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measure (units) | N | Mean (SD) | Range | N | Mean (SD) | Range | t | p | Cohen’s d | |
| Demo-graphic | Age (years) | 190 | 65.05 (8.39) | 46–88 | 72 | 64.1 (7.56) | 49–79 | 0.84 | 0.40 | 0.12 |
| Sex (N female / N male) | 190 | 116 / 74 | NA | 72 | 47 / 25 | NA | 0.40a | 0.53a | 0.04b | |
| Education (years) | 178 | 16.1 (2.42) | 12–20 | 72 | 16.03 (3.07) | 12–20 | 0.20 | 0.84 | 0.03 | |
| Race (N white / N black / N Asian) | 175 | 167 / 1 / 1 | NA | 71 | 69 / 1 / 1 | NA | 0.81a | 0.67a | 0.05b | |
| Mean Head Motion (mm FD) | 190 | 0.13 (0.03) | 0.06–0.2 | 72 | 0.14 (0.03) | 0.07–0.2 | −2.28 | 0.02 | −0.32 | |
| Psycho-metric | MMSE (score) | 156 | 29.29 (1.01) | 26–30 | 63 | 29.43 (0.78) | 27–30 | −0.94 | 0.35 | −0.14 |
| FCSR: Free Recall (score) | 185 | 32.19 (5.12) | 18–46 | 71 | 33 (5.93) | 21–48 | −1.09 | 0.28 | −0.15 | |
| WMS Associate Learning (score) | 97 | 14.65 (3.79) | 0–21 | 17 | 15.74 (3.58) | 7–21 | −1.09 | 0.28 | −0.29 | |
| WMS-R Logical Memory Delayed Recall (score) | 97 | 12.92 (3.95) | 5–21 | 18 | 13.61 (4.45) | 6–21 | −0.67 | 0.50 | −0.17 | |
| WMS-III Logical Memory Delayed Recall (score) | 69 | 26.94 (7.29) | 4–42 | 45 | 27.49 (5.4) | 12–38 | −0.43 | 0.67 | −0.08 | |
| Animal Naming (score) | 185 | 22.72 (5.75) | 9–41 | 71 | 23.44 (5.83) | 12–39 | −0.88 | 0.38 | −0.12 | |
| Trail Making A (score) | 185 | 29.11 (10.64) | 12–75 | 71 | 27.2 (9.6) | 13–57 | 1.32 | 0.19 | 0.19 | |
| Trail Making B (score) | 184 | 71.51 (29.82) | 28–210 | 71 | 60.61 (19.98) | 28–139 | 2.84 | 0.005 | 0.40 | |
| Cardio-vascular | Pulse (BPM) | 190 | 68.02 (10.38) | 41–108 | 72 | 67.67 (10.25) | 44–96 | 0.25 | 0.81 | 0.03 |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) | 190 | 124.55 (15.66) | 88–168 | 72 | 122.94 (14.26) | 88–160 | 0.76 | 0.45 | 0.11 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 190 | 26.43 (4.43) | 17–41 | 72 | 26.42 (4.59) | 17–40 | 0.02 | 0.99 | 0.002 | |
| WMH volume (mm3) | 190 | 10760.25 (11530.16) | 48–61263 | 72 | 7848.07 (8312.75) | 651–37890 | 1.96 | 0.05 | 0.27 | |
a
T and p values are from independent-samples t-tests between the resting-state and task-driven samples, except for categorical variables tested by chi-square test (χ2), as noted by.
b
Effect sizes are reported as Cohen’s d, except for categorical variables reported as Cramer’s V, as noted by.
FD = framewise displacement, MMSE = Mini Mental State Examination, FCSR = Free and Cued Selective Reminding test, BPM = beats per minute, BMI = body mass index, WMH = white matter hyperintensities.