Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of 361 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia at presentation.
| Variable | All patients | Pure GGO | Consolidation | Nodules | Fibrous stripes | Mixed | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients, No. (%) | 361 (100) | 103 (28.5) | 47 (13.0) | 83 (23.0) | 19 (5.3) | 109 (30.2) | |
| Age groups, No. (%) | |||||||
| <14 years | 21 (5.8) | 8 (7.8) | 2 (4.3) | 4 (4.8) | 0 (0) | 7 (6.4) | .677 |
| 14–29 years | 43 (11.9) | 13 (12.6) | 1 (2.1) | 17 (20.5) | 1 (5.3) | 11 (10.1) | .023 |
| 30–44 years | 107 (29.6) | 23 (22.3) | 16 (34.0) | 34 (41.0) | 9 (47.4) | 25 (22.9) | .010 |
| 45–59 years | 89 (24.7) | 28 (27.2) | 14 (29.8) | 19 (22.9) | 5 (26.3) | 23 (21.1) | .749 |
| ≥60 years | 101 (28.0) | 31 (30.1) | 14 (29.8) | 9 (10.8) | 4 (21.1) | 43 (39.4) | .001 |
| Male, No. (%) | 193 (53.0) | 48 (46.6) | 24 (51.1) | 51 (61.4) | 11 (57.9) | 59 (54.1) | .360 |
| Exposure to source of transmission within 14 days, No. (%) | |||||||
| Come from Wuhan | 304 (84.2) | 84 (81.6) | 39 (83.0) | 72 (86.7) | 14 (73.7) | 95 (87.2) | .509 |
| Recently been to Wuhan | 16 (4.4) | 5 (4.9) | 2 (4.3) | 3 (3.6) | 2 (10.5) | 4 (3.7) | .737 |
| Contacted with people from Wuhan | 24 (6.6) | 10 (9.7) | 3 (6.4)) | 4 (4.8)) | 2 (10.5)) | 5 (4.6) | .523 |
| Contacted with confirmed cases | 131 (36.3) | 47 (45.6) | 14 (29.8) | 26 (31.3) | 6 (31.6) | 38 (34.9) | .206 |
| No exposure history | 17 (4.7) | 4 (3.9) | 3 (6.4) | 4 (4.8) | 1 (5.3) | 5 (4.6) | .976 |
| Familial cluster, No. (%) | 65 (18.0) | 21 (20.4) | 9 (19.1) | 13 (15.7) | 5 (26.3) | 17 (15.6) | .724 |
| Smoking history, No. (%) | |||||||
| Never smokers | 301 (83.4) | 85 (82.5) | 39 (83.0) | 74 (89.2) | 16 (84.2) | 87 (79.8) | .547 |
| Ex-smokers | 19 (5.3) | 7 (6.8) | 2 (4.3) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (5.3) | 8 (7.3) | .371 |
| Current smokers | 41 (11.4) | 11 (10.7) | 6 (12.8) | 8 (9.6) | 2 (10.5) | 14 (12.8) | .959 |
| Coexisting conditions, No. (%) | |||||||
| Hypertension | 45 (12.5) | 13 (12.6) | 7 (14.9) | 10 (12.0) | 2 (10.5) | 13 (11.9) | .985 |
| Diabetes | 17 (4.7) | 4 (3.9) | 5 (4.6) | 0 (0) | 1 (5.3) | 7 (6.4) | .070 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases | 32 (8.6) | 11 (10.7) | 6 (12.8) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (5.3) | 12 (11.0) | .076 |
| Coronary heart disease | 13 (3.6) | 4 (3.9) | 3 (6.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (5.3) | 5 (4.6) | .328 |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | 9 (2.5) | 4 (3.9) | 2 (4.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (2.8) | .398 |
| Renal disease | 3 (0.8) | 1 (1.0) | 1 (2.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.9) | .764 |
| Hepatobiliary disease | 16 (4.4) | 5 (4.9) | 3 (6.4) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (5.3) | 6 (5.5) | .586 |
| Cancers | 2 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (5.3) | 1 (0.9) | .056 |
| Hematological tumours | 2 (0.6) | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (5.3) | 0 (0) | .054 |
| Graves’ disease | 2 (0.6) | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.9) | .841 |
| Rheumatic connective tissue disease | 3 (0.8) | 1 (1.0) | 1 (2.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.9) | .764 |
| Congenital heart disease | 4 (1.1) | 1 (1.0) | 1 (2.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (5.3) | 1 (0.9) | .352 |
| Signs and symptoms, No. (%) | |||||||
| Fever on admission | |||||||
| Temperature on admission, °C | |||||||
| <37.3 | 197 (54.6) | 57 (55.3) | 24 (55.1) | 61 (73.5) | 12 (63.2) | 43 (39.4) | .000 |
| 37.3–38.0 | 108 (29.9) | 29 (28.2) | 11 (23.4) | 19 (22.9) | 5 (26.3) | 44 (40.4) | .065 |
| 38.1–39.0 | 37 (10.2) | 13 (12.6) | 7 (14.9) | 2 (2.4) | 1 (5.3) | 14 (12.8) | .072 |
| >39.0 | 19 (5.3) | 4 (3.9) | 5 (10.6) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (5.3) | 8 (7.3) | .147 |
| Fever during hospital admission | |||||||
| Highest temperature during hospital admission, °C | |||||||
| <37.3 | 74 (20.5) | 19 (18.4) | 4 (8.5) | 41 (49.4) | 6 (31.6) | 4 (3.7) | .000 |
| 37.3–38.0 | 101 (28.0) | 32 (31.1) | 11 (23.4) | 35 (42.2) | 9 (47.4) | 14 (12.8) | .000 |
| 38.1–39.0 | 117 (32.4) | 34 (29.1) | 19 (16.2) | 5 (6.0) | 2 (10.5) | 57 (52.3) | .000 |
| >39.0 | 69 (19.1) | 18 (17.5) | 13 (27.7) | 2 (2.4) | 2 (10.5) | 34 (31.2) | .000 |
| Cough | 237 (65.7) | 65 (63.1) | 34 (72.3) | 54 (65.1) | 13 (68.4) | 71 (65.1) | .858 |
| Sputum production | 121 (33.5) | 12 (11.7) | 31 (66.0) | 9 (10.8) | 2 (10.5) | 67 (61.5) | .000 |
| Dyspnoea | 65 (18.0) | 25 (24.3) | 11 (23.4) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (5.3) | 27 (24.8) | .000 |
| Hemoptysis | 2 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.9) | .475 |
| Sore throat | 46 (12.7) | 21 (20.4) | 3 (6.4) | 9 (10.8) | 1 (5.3) | 12 (11.0) | .071 |
| Diarrhea | 13 (3.6) | 3 (2.9) | 2 (4.3) | 3 (3.6) | 1 (5.3) | 4 (3.7) | .986 |
| Nausea or vomiting | 7 (1.9) | 1 (1.0) | 2 (4.3) | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0) | 3 (2.8) | .588 |
| Fatigue | 74 (20.5) | 23 (22.3) | 15 (31.9) | 7 (8.4) | 3 (15.8) | 26 (23.9) | .015 |
| Myalgia or arthralgia | 38 (10.5) | 11 (10.7) | 9 (19.1) | 3 (3.6) | 1 (5.3) | 14 (12.8) | .059 |
| Headache | 11 (3.0) | 4 (3.9) | 3 (6.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (3.7) | .252 |
| Chill | 56 (15.5) | 13 (12.6) | 12 (25.5) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (5.3) | 29 (26.6) | .000 |
| Respiratory rate >24 breaths per min | 49 (13.6) | 17 (16.5) | 8 (17.0) | 0 (0) | 1 (5.3) | 23 (21.1) | .000 |
GGO: ground-glass opacities.