Table 1.

Risk factors for recurrent Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) difficile infection (CDI).

Age >65 years

Hospitalization

Compromised immunity (chemotherapy or other immunosuppressive treatment)

Severe CDI and/or infection with hypervirulent ribotypes of C. difficile

Prior CDI episode(s)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Chronic kidney disease

Liver cirrhosis

Non-CDI antibiotic use during or 3 months after standard of care (SOC) of CDI

Use of proton pump inhibitors