Table 3.

Changes in vital signs and biomarkers at 52 weeks in patients randomized to placebo and empagliflozin, according to baseline use of a neprilysin inhibitor

	Patients not taking a neprilysin inhibitor (n = 3003)		Patients taking a neprilysin inhibitor (n = 727)		Interaction P-value
	Placebo (n = 1480)	Empagliflozin (n = 1523)	Placebo (n = 387)	Empagliflozin (n = 340)
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)
At 4 weeks	–1.7 ± 0.3	–3.0 ± 0.3	–1.4 ± 0.7	–3.3 ± 0.7	0.59
	–1.4 ± 0.5 (P = 0.005)		–1.9 ± 1.0 (P = 0.048)
At 52 weeks	–1.8 ± 0.5	–2.4 ± 0.4	–0.7 ± 0.9	–2.1 ± 1.0	0.57
	–0.6 ± 0.6 (P = 0.38)		–1.4 ± 1.3 (P = 0.29)
Bodyweight (kg)	+0.08 ± 0.15	–0.71 ± 0.14	+0.06 ± 0.29	–0.81 ± 0.31	0.87
	–0.80 ± 0.21 (P = 0.0001)		–0.87 ± 0.42 (P = 0.04)
Glycated haemoglobin (%)	–0.12 ± 0.05	–0.30 ± 0.05	–0.11 ± 0.09	–0.21 ± 0.10	0.65
	–0.18 ± 0.07 (P = 0.0074)		–0.11 ± 0.14 (P = 0.44)
Uric acid (mg/mL)	–0.01 ± 0.05	–0.92 ± 0.05	–0.18 ± 0.09	–1.17 ± 0.10	0.59
	–0.91 ± 0.07 (P < 0.0001)		–0.99 ± 0.14 (P < 0.0001)
NT-proBNP (ratio of geometric means)	0.85 (0.81–0.90)	0.74 (0.71–0.78)	0.87 (0.79–0.96)	0.77 (0.69–0.85)	0.88
	0.87 (0.81–0.93) P < 0.0001		0.88 (0.76–1.02) P = 0.09
Haematocrit (%)	–0.26 ± 0.11	+2.04 ± 0.11	–0.86 ± 0.22	+1.69 ± 0.24	0.49
	+2.29 ± 0.16, P < 0.0001		+2.55 ± 0.33, P < 0.0001

For all variables except for NT-proBNP, changes are shown as adjusted mean ± standard error. Because of the exceptional non-normal distribution, changes in NT-proBNP are shown as the ratio of geometric means and 95% confidence intervals. Changes in glycated haemoglobin were measured in patients with diabetes, i.e. 735 placebo-treated patients and 765 empagliflozin-treated patients among those not receiving a neprilysin inhibitor at baseline and in 194 placebo-treated patients and 162 empagliflozin-treated patients among those receiving a neprilysin inhibitor at baseline.

NT-proBNP, N-terminal prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide.