Figure 6.

PS inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome in the early stage, independently from ER stress. BV2 microglia cells were transiently transfected with CHOP siRNA for 48 h and treated with LPS/ATP. (a) Transfection efficiency was shown by western blotting after LPS/ATP treatment. The cells were treated with LPS/ATP for 1 h and stained with (b) Fluo-4 AM and (c) 0.5 μM MitoTracker Green and with 2 μM MitoSOX Red. In a parallel experiment, BV2 microglia cells were pretreated with 400 μg/mL PS for 2 h prior to stimulation with LPS/ATP for 1 h. The cells were stained with (d) 1 μM Fluo-4 AM and (e) 0.5 μM MitoTracker Green and 2 μM MitoSOX Red. Cell images were captured using CELENA S Digital Imaging System.