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. 2021 Feb 2;2021:6661235. doi: 10.1155/2021/6661235

Table 1.

Characteristics of included studies.

Author, year Sample size Excluded RIF reason Age (mean) Acupuncture group Control group IVF outcome
Acupuncture group Control group
Ma 2019 70 0 ER 30.04 ± 2.98 30.55 ± 3.71 MA + HRT HRT CPR EIR ET EM EBF SDS ETN
Luo 2017 56 0 ER 33.8 ± 4.6 32.5 ± 4.1 MA + moxibustion + levofloxacin + dydrogesterone Levofloxacin + dydrogesterone CPR ET EIR ETN HQE MR BPR EM
Zhao 2019 102 0 ER 32.57 ± 4.25 32.95 ± 4.37 EA + TDP + HRT Sham EA + HRT/HRT CPR ET ETN SHL EIR BPR
Xu 2014 176 0 Unknown 32.5 ± 4.6 31.9 ± 4.3 TEAS + HRT HRT CPR SHL AF BMI ET BPR EIR ETN
Zhuang 2019 72 3 ER 34.29 ± 5.31 34.26 ± 5.30 MA + FET FET CPR ET EM EBF (PI; RI) BPR LBR TCMS
Villaherm-osa 2013 84 0 Unknown 36.0 ± 2.7 36.3 ± 2.15 MA + moxibustion Sham MA/blank CPR ON ET ETN BPR
Shuai 2019 124 2 ER 31.23 ± 3.78 31.58 ± 3.07 TEAS MTEAS CPR LBR ETN ET E2 EIR ON

EA: electro acupuncture, MA: manual acupuncture, TEAS: transcutaneous electrical acupuncture stimulation, MTEAS: mock transcutaneous electrical acupuncture stimulation, FET: frozen embryo transplantation, HRT: hormone replacement therapy, ER: endometrial receptivity, BPR: biochemical pregnancy rate, CPR: clinical pregnancy rate, BPR: biochemical pregnancy rate, MR: miscarriage rate, LBR: live birth rate, ETN: embryos transfer number, EIR: embryos implantation rate, MR: miscarriage rate, BMI: body mass index, ET: endometrial thickness, EM: endometrial morphology, EBF: endometrial blood flow, RI: resistance index, PI: pulse index, AF: antral follicles, HQE: high-quality embryo, SHL: sex hormone levels, ON: oocyte number, TCMS: traditional Chinese medicine syndrome, and SDS: self-rating depression scale.