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. 2021 Jan 29;11:578129. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.578129

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Copyright © 2021 Song, Ye, Pan, Tan and Herrmann

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Various elements in the peripheral blood of patients with RA can stimulate NET formation. Excessive NET formation leads to the production of deaminated antigens such as citH2A, citH2B, and citH4 histones. In a joint with RA, presented citrullinated antigens induce antigen-driven autoimmune responses and lead to the generation of anti-NET autoantibodies. Thus, persistent inflammation of the synovial membranes occurs.