Table 1.
Demographic and selected baseline characteristics of NAFLD cases and controls the Multiethnic Cohort
| Cases (N =1861) |
Controls (N =17664) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) |
Mean (SD) |
|||
| Age at baseline | 57.5 (45–76) | 57.4 (45–76) | ||
| BMI at baseline | 27.4 (5.8) | 25.5 (5.2) | ||
| BMI at 21 years | 21.3 (3.3) | 21.0 (3.1) | ||
| Energy intake (Kcal/day) | 1977 (939) | 1954 (900) | ||
| N |
% |
N |
% |
|
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| White | 292 | 15.7 | 2554 | 14.5 |
| African American | 143 | 7.7 | 1377 | 7.8 |
| Native Hawaiian | 115 | 6.2 | 1100 | 6.2 |
| Japanese | 915 | 49.2 | 8798 | 49.8 |
| Latino | 396 | 21.3 | 3835 | 21.7 |
| Age at menarche (years) | ||||
| <11 | 212 | 11.4 | 1432 | 8.1 |
| 11–12 | 828 | 44.5 | 7537 | 42.7 |
| 13–14 | 606 | 32.6 | 6483 | 36.7 |
| >15 | 200 | 10.7 | 2055 | 11.6 |
| Missing | 15 | 0.8 | 157 | 0.9 |
| Education | ||||
| < High school | 750 | 40.3 | 6929 | 39.2 |
| Vocational/some college | 534 | 28.7 | 5110 | 28.9 |
| College or higher | 560 | 30.1 | 5470 | 31.0 |
| Missing | 17 | 0.9 | 155 | 0.9 |
| Parity | ||||
| Nulliparous | 197 | 10.6 | 2351 | 13.3 |
| Parous | 1658 | 89.1 | 15273 | 86.5 |
| Missing | 6 | 0.3 | 40 | 0.2 |
| Number of children | ||||
| None | 197 | 10.6 | 2351 | 13.3 |
| 1 | 201 | 10.8 | 1911 | 10.8 |
| 2–3 | 932 | 50.1 | 8563 | 48.5 |
| 4 or more | 513 | 27.6 | 4709 | 26.7 |
| Missing | 18 | 0.9 | 133 | 0.8 |
| Age at first live birth (years) | ||||
| Nulliparous | 197 | 10.6 | 2351 | 13.3 |
| 15–20 | 443 | 23.8 | 3903 | 22.1 |
| 21–30 | 1050 | 56.4 | 9761 | 55.3 |
| > 30 | 130 | 7 | 1308 | 7.4 |
| Missing | 41 | 2.2 | 341 | 1.9 |
| Oral contraceptive use | ||||
| Never | 934 | 50.2 | 9441 | 53.4 |
| Ever | 890 | 47.8 | 7898 | 44.7 |
| Missing | 37 | 2 | 325 | 1.8 |
| Menopausal status at baseline | ||||
| Pre-Menopausal | 283 | 15.2 | 2971 | 16.8 |
| Natural Menopause | 802 | 43.1 | 8605 | 48.7 |
| Oophorectomy | 356 | 19.1 | 2413 | 13.7 |
| Simple hysterectomy | 313 | 16.8 | 2487 | 14.1 |
| Unknown reason or Missing | 107 | 5.7 | 1188 | 6.7 |
| Ever use of menopausal hormone therapy, menopausal women only | ||||
| Never use of any type of hormone therapy | 543 | 34.7 | 5812 | 39.9 |
| ET | 517 | 33.1 | 4263 | 29.3 |
| EPT | 441 | 28.2 | 3970 | 27.3 |
| Missing | 62 | 4.0 | 546 | 3.7 |
| Years of menstruation among natural menopausal women | ||||
| <30 | 133 | 16.6 | 1191 | 13.8 |
| > 30 – < 35 | 214 | 26.7 | 2414 | 28.1 |
| > 35 – < 40 | 360 | 44.9 | 3955 | 46.0 |
| > 40 | 91 | 11.3 | 1026 | 11.9 |
| Missing | 4 | 0.5 | 19 | 0.2 |
| Type 2 diabetes at baseline | ||||
| Yes | 221 | 11.9 | 1430 | 8.1 |
| No | 1640 | 88.1 | 16234 | 91.9 |
| Average METS of activity per day | ||||
| < 1.4 | 472 | 25.4 | 4100 | 23.2 |
| > 1.4 –< 1.6 | 472 | 25.4 | 4445 | 25.2 |
| > 1.6 – < 1.8 | 529 | 28.4 | 4995 | 28.3 |
| > 1.8 | 312 | 16.8 | 3397 | 19.2 |
| Missing | 76 | 4.1 | 727 | 4.1 |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Never | 1121 | 60.2 | 10943 | 62.0 |
| Past | 508 | 27.3 | 4667 | 26.4 |
| Current | 207 | 11.1 | 1812 | 10.3 |
| Missing | 25 | 1.3 | 242 | 1.4 |
| Alcohol (g/day) | ||||
| None | 1350 | 72.5 | 11815 | 66.9 |
| < 12 | 458 | 24.6 | 5103 | 28.9 |
| > 12 – <24 | 53 | 2.8 | 746 | 4.2 |
BMI=body mass index; METs=Metabolic Equivalent; SD=standard deviation