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Microglia (a), brain endothelial cells (b), and astrocytes (c) engage autocrine/paracrine signaling via dynamic response to exogenous SDF-1a. Significant changes in SDF-1a (black) and/or CXCR4 (pink) mRNA expression were found across all cell types. Changes in expression are dynamic and distinct over time for each cell type. n = 3–6 cultures per cell type. Mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05.
