Table 1.
Clinical and demographic characteristic of the study population.
| Cases (n = 118) | Controls (n = 193) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Males, n(%) | 60(50.8) | 97(50.2) | 0.999a |
| Age at enrollment, years | 69.92 ± 10.01 | 69.80 ± 8.63 | 0.914b |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.38 [19–38] | 27.19 [19–49] | 0.615c |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dl | 175 [100–270] | 195 [80–276] | 0.0001c |
| Glucose, mg/dl | 102 [67–217] | 110.60 [74–234] | 0.0181c |
| Uric acid, mg/dl | 5.23 ± 1.60 | 6.035 ± 1.38 | <0.0001b |
| Cognitive impairment, n(%) (by MMSE-test) | 37(32.74%) | 45(26.98%) | 0.298a |
| Depression, n(%) (by HAM-D test) | 81(72.32%) | 87(49.15%) | <0.001a |
| Age at onset, years | 64.08 ± 10.46 | ||
| Disease duration, years | 5.93 ± 4.93 | ||
| UPDRS total score | 72 ± 38 | ||
| UPDRS III score | 40 ± 23 | ||
| HY scale | 2.5 ± 1 |
Shows mean values (Standard deviation or interquartile range) and frequency (%). Skewness and kurtosis tests were performed for normality.
BMI body mass index, HAM-D Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, MMSE Mini-Mental State Exam, UPDRS Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale: total score and score for Part III—Motor Examination, HY Hoehn and Yahr scale.
Reported p values were determined with a aFisher’s exact test, bStudent’s t test, or cU Mann–Whitney.