Table 1.
Sociodemographic and anamnestic data for the first and second cohort.
| Sociodemographic/anamnestic variable | First cohort | Second cohort | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HC | PPD | AD | Statistical test | HC | PPD | AD | Statistical test | |
| Age (in years) |
31.9 ± 4.61 N = 247 |
30.4 ± 5.51 N = 28 |
31.4 ± 5.09 N = 33 |
X²(2, N= 308) = 2.60 p = .27 |
33.1 ± 4.31 N = 146 |
31.8 ± 7.04 N = 16 |
31.5 ± 5.42 N = 30 |
X²(2, N= 193) = 3.40 p = 0.18 |
| Education (years) |
13.8 ± 2.89 N = 240 |
12.4 ± 2.85 N = 27 |
13.4 ± 4.67 N = 33 |
X²(2, N= 300) = 3.04 p = 0.22 |
14.6 ± 3.22 N = 139 |
14.3 ± 2.96 N = 16 |
14.08 ± 2.56 N = 26 |
X²(2, N= 179) = 0.77 p = 0.68 |
| Personal psychiatric history (no/yes) | 220/27 | 16/12 | 19/14 |
X²(2, N= 308) = 34.5 p < 0.001 b,1,2 |
118/26c | 6/10 | 15/15 |
X²(2, N= 190) = 24.2 p < 0.001 b,1,2 |
| Familial psychiatric history (no/yes) | 194/53 | 16/12 | 18/15 |
X²(2, N= 308) = 13.3 p = 0.001 b,1,2 |
112/33 | 8/8 | 65/14 |
X²(2, N= 193) = 10.8 p = 0.005 b,2 |
| Birth complications (no/yes) | 209/37 | 20/8 | 24/9 |
X²(2, N= 307) = 5.57 p = 0.062 |
121/26 | 10/6 | 25/5 |
X²(2, N= 193) = 3.80 p = 0.15 |
| Subjective birth-related psychological traumas (no/yes) | 215/29 | 19/9 | 20/13 |
X²(2, N= 305) = 21.1 p < 0.001 b,1,2 |
124/14 | 12/4 | 23/7 | a |
| PMS (no PMS/mild PMS/PMS) | 111/84/29 | 4/12/12 | 7/16/10 |
X²(4, N= 285) = 27.9 p < 0.001 b,1 |
83/44/14 | 3/4/8 | 9/14/6 |
X²(2, N= 185) = 26.6 p < 0.001 b,a |
| Postpartum blues (no/yes) | 151/93 | 8/20 | 7/26 |
X²(2, N= 305) = 27.7 p < 0.001 b,1,2 |
102/45 | 0/16c | 9/21 |
X²(2, N= 193) = 39.4 p < 0.001 b,a |
| Stressful life events | ||||||||
| (number) | 0.81 ± 1.27 | 1.46 ± 1.71 | 1.19 ± 1.18 | 1 ± 1.35 | 2.44 ± 2.06 | 1.97 ± 1.88 | ||
| (no/yes) | 144/103 | 11/17 | 12/20 |
X²(2, N= 307) = 7.78 p = 0.020 |
71/74 | 2/14 | 8/22 |
X²(2, N= 191) = 11.5 p = 0.003 b,1 |
| Breastfeeding T4 (no/yes) | 63/182 | 14/14 | 8/25 |
X²(2, N= 306) = 7.62 p = 0.022 b,1 |
41/96 | 9/7 | 9/20 |
X²(2, N= 182) = 4.56 p = 0.10 |
| Hamilton Depression Rating Scale T4 | -- |
13.2 ± 2.88 N = 27 |
-- | -- |
14.6 ± 4.18 N = 16 |
– | – | |
AD adjustment disorder, HC healthy controls, PMS premenstrual syndrome, PPD postpartum depression.
aNo statistical analysis possible due to low expected cell counts.
bBonferroni-corrected significant difference (p < 0.05) between 1 HC and PPD, 2 between HC and AD and/or 3 between PPD and AD.
cSignificant group difference (p < 0.05) between first and validation cohort.