Table 3.
Adjusted estimated means and standard error of cognitive measures overall and by race/ethnicity at follow-up visit 15 in the SWAN (N = 1,126)
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | White (A) | Black (B) | Chinese (C) | Japanese (D) | Tukey’s HSD* | |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SE) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||
| RAVLT-I† | 7.7 (0.08) | 8.0 (0.12) | 6.7 (0.18) | 7.2 (0.17) | 8.7 (0.18) | A, D > B, C; D > A |
| RAVLT-D† | 5.6 (0.09) | 5.8 (0.13) | 4.3 (0.20) | 5.2 (0.19) | 6.9 (0.20) | A, C, D > B; A, D > C; D > A |
| SDMT | 54.7 (0.32) | 56.5 (0.43) | 49.4 (0.58) | 57.5 (0.82) | 61.0 (0.87) | D > A, B, C; A, C > B |
| DSB | 6.7 (0.06) | 7.2 (0.09)2,5 | 5.7 (0.12)1,3,4 | 7.0 (0.17)2,5 | 6.7 (0.18)2,5 | A, C, D > B |
Estimated means adjusted for age and education. SE, standard error; RAVLT-I, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, immediate recall; RAVLT-D, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, delayed recall; SDMT, Symbol Digit Modalities Test; DSB, Digit Span Backwards; HSD, honestly significant difference.
*All measures differed by race/ethnicity (ANCOVA p < 0.05). Differences between race/ethnic groups were determined by Tukey’s HSD tests p < 0.05. Race/ethnic groups are denoted by the letter in parentheses next to each group.
† N = 687.