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. 2021 Jan 29;12:625952. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.625952

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Copyright © 2021 Scheper, Wubbolts, Verhagen, de Visser, van der Wal, Visser, de Boer and Nibbering.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of SAAP-148, ADEP4, LL-37, and pexiganan on MRSA originating from antibiotics-exposed seven-day mature biofilms. SAAP-148 resulted in complete eradication of bacteria sonicated from antibiotics-exposed seven-day mature biofilms on polystyrene at doses ≥1.6 μM (A). Exposure of the intact biofilm without sonication to SAAP-148 resulted in complete eradication at doses ≥12.8 μM (B). Pexiganan resulted in complete eradication of sonicated bacteria at doses ≥6.4 μM (C). Acyldepsipeptide 4 (ADEP4) (D) reduced the bacterial counts by 1 log. Exposing the bacteria for 24 h to ADEP4 (E) resulted in compete eradication at doses ≥12.8 μM. Human cathelicidin LL-37 (F) reduced the bacterial counts by 1 log. Solid lines denote the median log CFU/mL. Figures 3A–E: n = 3 experiments (each in duplicate) Figure 3F: n = 1 experiment in duplicate. ns, not significant.