Table 5.
Linear regression results: Associations of HIV status, socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics with continuous systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
| Systolic Blood Pressure | Diastolic Blood Pressure | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted difference (95% CI) | Adjusted difference (95% CI) | Unadjusted difference (95% CI) | Adjusted difference (95% CI) | |
| HIV Status: positive vs. negative | –5.85 (–7.97, –3.72)*** | –5.07 (–7.40, –2. 37)*** | –4.46 (–5.983, –3.09)*** | –4.02 (–5.57, –2.49)*** |
| Socio-demographics | ||||
| Sex: Female vs. Male | 0.49 (–1.67, 2.66) | –1.93 (–4.36, 0.49) | –0.17 (–1.57, 1.23) | –1.60 (–3.19, –0.00)* |
| Age | 0.49 (0.38, 0.60)*** | 0.54 (0.43, 0.66)*** | 0.09 (0.02, 0.16)* | 0.13 (0.06, 0.21)** |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Married | –1.06 (–4.32, 2.21) | –0.37 (–3.64, 2.90) | 0.03 (–2.08, 2.14) | 0.25 (–1.90, 2.40) |
| Cohabiting | –1.57 (–5.67, 2.54) | 1.72 (–2.31, 5.74) | –1.34 (–4.00, 1.31) | 0.94 (–1.71, 3.59) |
| Separated/Divorced | –0.21 (–5.04, 4.62) | –0.40 (–4.99, 4.19) | 0.45 (–2.67, 3.58) | 0.81 (–2.21, 3.83) |
| Widow/Widower | 3.71 (–0.63, 8.04) | 1.83 (–2.39, 6.04) | 0.53 (–2.27, 3.34) | 1.14 (–1.63, 3.91) |
| Highest level of education | ||||
| None/incomplete primary | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Primary/incomplete secondary | –1.11 (–3.38, 1.17) | 0.96 (–1.32, 3.24) | 1.16 (–0.31, 2.62) | 2.42 (0.92, 3.92)** |
| Secondary or higher | 2.13 (–5.81, 1.56) | 0.12 (–3.55, 3.78) | –0.91 (–3.28, 1.47) | 0.36 (–2.05, 2.77) |
| Biomass use: Charcoal/Other vs. Wood | 0.99 (–2.52, 4.50) | –0.55 (–4.00, 2.89) | –0.28 (–2.54, 1.99) | 0.02 (–2.24, 2.29) |
| Household size | –0.21 (–0.58, 0.16) | –0.34 (–0.73, 0.04) | –0.13 (–0.38 0.11) | –0.32 (–0.57, –0.06)* |
| Behavioral and clinical characteristics | ||||
| Current smoker | ||||
| Non-smoker | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Occasional smoker | –0.59 (–4.40, 3.22) | –1.53 (–5.30, 2.23) | –0.49 (–2.95, 1.97) | –0.26 (–2.73, 2.22) |
| Daily smoker | –2.77 (–7.20, 1.66) | –3.35 (–7.76, 1.06) | –1.72 (–4.58, 1.14) | –1.25 (–4.15, 1.64) |
| Continuous BMI (kg/m2) | 0.80 (0.56, 1.03)*** | 0.88 (0.62, 1.13)*** | 0.61 (0.46, 0.76)*** | 0.61 (0.44, 0.77)*** |
BMI: Body mass index presented as median and Interquartile range. Adjusted models included all variables within the table.
P-value: statistical significance (0.049–0.01)*; 0.009–0.001**; less than 0.001***.