Table 3:
Stigma among sexual and gender minorities who have sex with men and female sex workers by HIV status over 24 months
| Perceived healthcare stigma | Anticipated healthcare stigma | Enacted healthcare stigma | Perceived family stigma | Perceived friend stigma | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aOR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI | |
| Sexual and gender minority cohort** | ||||||||||
| Longitudinal chi-squared p-value* | P<0.001 | P<0.001 | P=0.878 | P=0.784 | P=0.047 | |||||
| Visit | ||||||||||
| Visit 1 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Visit 2 | 0.74 | 0.38-1.43 | - | - | 0.32 | 0.11-0.89 | 0.85 | 0.49-1.43 | 0.77 | 0.33-1.79 |
| Visit 3 | 0.52 | 0.24-1.15 | 0.44 | 0.17-1.14 | 1.00 | 0.50-1.96 | 1.52 | 0.93-2.46 | 1.43 | 0.67-3.08 |
| Visit 4 | 0.12 | 0.03-0.49 | 0.28 | 0.09-0.84 | 0.87 | 0.37-2.06 | 1.28 | 0.76-2.14 | 0.93 | 0.42-2.04 |
| Visit 5 | 0.24 | 0.07-0.85 | 0.13 | 0.03-0.62 | 0.88 | 0.32-2.37 | 1.26 | 0.70-2.26 | 0.98 | 0.41-2.36 |
| Visit 6 | 0.09 | 0.02-0.37 | 0.06 | 0.01-0.41 | 0.61 | 0.28-1.31 | 0.83 | 0.50-1.40 | 0.15 | 0.03-0.67 |
| Living with HIV at baseline | 3.51 | 1.75-7.06 | 2.85 | 1.06-7.67 | 1.01 | 0.52-1.98 | 1.08 | 0.67-1.76 | 1.46 | 0.78-2.74 |
| Gender minority | 1.77 | 0.92-3.43 | 2.21 | 0.84-5.76 | 0.97 | 0.53-1.93 | 1.23 | 0.75-1.67 | 1.24 | 0.87-2.29 |
| Female sex workers*** | ||||||||||
| Longitudinal chi-squared p-value* | P=0.043 | P=0.104 | P=0.395 | P=0.076 | P=0.006 | |||||
| Visits | ||||||||||
| Visit 1 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Visit 2 | 1.47 | 0.80-2.70 | 1.27 | 0.66-2.42 | 3.13 | 1.18-8.35 | 0.83 | 0.53-1.28 | 0.38 | 0.19-0.78 |
| Visit 3 | 0.62 | 0.27-1.42 | 0.45 | 0.16-1.30 | 1.27 | 0.41-3.89 | 0.83 | 0.53-1.29 | 0.35 | 0.16-0.43 |
| Visit 4 | 0.54 | 0.22-1.34 | 0.42 | 0.13-1.35 | 2.30 | 0.86-6.15 | 0.80 | 0.48-1.34 | 0.26 | 0.11-0.59 |
| Visit 5 | 0.45 | 0.17-1.18 | 0.18 | 0.04-0.89 | 0.97 | 0.28-3.38 | 0.77 | 0.47-1.27 | 0.34 | 0.15-0.79 |
| Visit 6 | 0.84 | 0.41-1.69 | 0.94 | 0.42-2.12 | 1.30 | 0.42-3.97 | 0.59 | 0.37-0.94 | 0.38 | 0.19-0.78 |
| Living with HIV at baseline | 0.75 | 0.38-1.44 | 0.93 | 0.43-2.00 | 0.62 | 0.29-1.31 | 0.79 | 0.47-1.24 | 1.02 | 0.54-1.91 |
| Registered | 0.93 | 0.56-1.54 | 0.85 | 0.42-1.71 | 0.89 | 0.46-1.65 | 0.99 | 0.63-1.56 | 1.51 | 0.84-2.72 |
*
crude longitudinal chi squared for trend
**
SGM model adjusted for age, education level, gender, HIV status at visit 1
***
sex worker model adjusted for age, education level, registration status, HIV status at visit 1