TABLE 2.

Behavioral Interventions for Youth With OUD

Cognitive behavioral therapy65  Teaches youth how to anticipate problems and develop effective coping strategies  Focuses on monitoring feelings and thoughts and recognizing thinking patterns, high-risk situations, and cues that trigger substance use

Contingency management66  Youth can earn low-cost incentives such as prizes or cash vouchers in exchange for participating in treatment, achieving important goals of treatment, and/or not using drugs

Motivational enhancement therapy67  Counseling approach to resolve ambivalence about engaging in treatment  Follows the principles of motivational interviewing to overcome or reduce this ambivalence

Adolescent community reinforcement approach68  Focuses on abstinence from drugs by replacing reinforcing use influences with healthier family, social, and educational or vocational reinforcers  Uses other important individuals in the youth’s life

Family-based therapies69  Various therapies that engage the youth’s family in treatment  Brief strategic family therapy, family behavior therapy, functional family therapy, multidimensional family therapy, and multisystemic therapy  Additionally, addresses a variety of issues including family communication and conflict; other co-occurring behavioral, mental health, and learning disorders; school problems; and peer networks  Shown to be highly efficacious for youth

National Institute on Drug Abuse. Principles of adolescent substance use disorder treatment: a research-based guide. 2014. Available at: https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-adolescent-substance-use-disorder-treatment-research-based-guide/principles-adolescent-substance-use-disorder-treatment.