Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of participants in study with risk factors for increased severity of Covid-19, NHIS baseline data, 2018
| Variable | Total population | Population w/ risk factors for increased severity of Covid-19 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | × 2 (p-value) | |
| Demographic characteristics | |||||
| Race | |||||
| NH white | 17,360 | 68.3 | 10,624 | 71.2 | 227.805 ( p < .001) |
| NH black | 2838 | 11.2 | 1732 | 11.6 | |
| Hispanic | 3179 | 12.5 | 1496 | 10.0 | |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 11,550 | 45.4 | 6805 | 45.6 | .508 ( p = .242) |
| Female | 13,867 | 54.6 | 8114 | 54.4 | |
| Personal factors | |||||
| Marital status | |||||
| Married | 11,458 | 45.1 | 6815 | 45.7 | 5.044 ( p = .025) |
| Unmarried | 13,906 | 54.7 | 8079 | 54.2 | |
| Employed for wages | |||||
| Yes | 14,099 | 55.5 | 6,665 | 44.7 | 1706.223 ( p < .001) |
| No | 11,308 | 44.5 | 8,250 | 55.3 | |
| General health | |||||
| Health status | |||||
| About the same or better | 23,177 | 91.2 | 13,112 | 87.9 | 490.713 ( p < .001) |
| Worse | 2222 | 8.7 | 1795 | 12.0 | |
| Health place change | |||||
| Yes | 2012 | 7.9 | 1239 | 8.3 | .840 ( p = .359) |
| No | 20,117 | 79.1 | 12,590 | 84.4 | |
| Healthcare access (issues) | |||||
| Accessibility issues (telephone) | |||||
| Yes | 802 | 3.2 | 549 | 3.7 | 32.630 ( p < .001) |
| No | 24,429 | 96.1 | 14,271 | 95.7 | |
| Accessibility issues (appointment) | |||||
| Yes | 1994 | 7.8 | 1339 | 9.0 | 62.923 ( p < .001) |
| No | 23,234 | 91.4 | 13,479 | 90.3 | |
| Accessibility issues (long wait times) | |||||
| Yes | 1,206 | 4.7 | 810 | 5.4 | 36.878 ( p < .001) |
| No | 24,026 | 94.5 | 14,011 | 93.9 | |
| Accessibility issues (facility closed) | |||||
| Yes | 950 | 3.7 | 626 | 4.2 | 21.514 ( p < .001) |
| No | 24,276 | 95.5 | 14,190 | 95.1 | |
| Accessibility issues (transportation) | |||||
| Yes | 690 | 2.7 | 534 | 3.6 | 101.558 ( p < .001) |
| No | 24,543 | 96.6 | 14,288 | 95.8 | |
| Healthcare affordability (issues) | |||||
| Affordability issues (cannot afford medicine) | |||||
| Yes | 1689 | 6.6 | 1230 | 8.2 | 147.513 ( p < .001) |
| No | 23,542 | 92.6 | 13,593 | 91.1 | |
| Affordability issues (worried cannot pay) | |||||
| Yes | 10,637 | 41.8 | 6026 | 40.4 | 33.377 ( p < .001) |
| No | 14,554 | 57.3 | 8772 | 58.8 | |
| Age mean ± SD | 51.69 ± 18.338 | 58.59 ± 16.767 | |||
HIS National Health Interview Survey