. 2021 Jan 29;10(1):e18154. doi: 10.2196/18154

Table 1.

Outcome variables and data sources.

Data source	Data source description	Examples of outcome variables
ELI^a	The Ministry of Education information system for Early Childhood Education (ECE) collects information on participating children's enrollment and attendance.	Infant registration with ECE/Te Kōhanga Reo at 2 years of age^b
MAT^c	The MAT provides statistical, demographic, and clinical information about selected publicly funded maternity services up to 9 months before and 3 months after a birth. It also contains inpatient and day-patient health event data on pregnancy, birth, and the postnatal period for mother and baby, sourced from the National Minimum Dataset (administered by the MOH^d).	Maternal ethnicity; smoking status at time of booking with a maternity care provider and at 2 weeks postdelivery^b; hospitalization episodes^b; antenatal screening^b; plurality; parity; mode of delivery^b; Apgar scores^b; birthweight; gestational age at delivery^b; infant hospitalization in first year of life^b; breastfeeding status at infant discharge^b, 2 weeks^b, and 6 weeks
MOH	The MOH receives data from different parts of the health sector through the utilization of health services or mandatory reporting national collections and also from national population health surveys.	Infant registration to oral health services at 2 years of age^b
MORT^e	The MORT classifies the underlying cause of death for all deaths registered in New Zealand and all registerable stillbirths using the World Health Organization Rules and Guidelines for Mortality Coding.	Infant mortality^b, ethnicity, date of death, gestational age at death, birthweight, diagnostic codes on cause of death, sudden and unexpected death indicator
NIR^f	The NIR is a computerized information system that has been developed to hold immunization details of New Zealand children (administered by the MOH).	Infant vaccination at 6 weeks^g, 3 months^g, 5 months^g, and 15 months^b
NHI^h	The NHI is a system used by public hospitals and other health and disability support services to assign an alphanumeric identifier (the NHI number) to people who use their services.	NHI number, area deprivation, ethnicity (maternal and infant)
NMDSⁱ	The NMDS is a national collection of public and private hospital discharge information, including coded clinical data for inpatients and day patients (hospital events).	Ethnicity; diagnostic codes (ICD-10^j)^b; maternal, antenatal, or postnatal hospital admissions (public)^b; discharge dates and length of stay; infant hospital admissions (public)^b; discharge dates and length of stay
PHO^k	The PHO provides a national enrollment collection that holds patient enrollment data.	Infant engagement with general practitioner <8 weeks postdelivery or after infant discharge from hospital^b
WCTO^l	The WCTO program is a series of health assessments and support services for children and their families from birth to 5 years and is a gateway for parents to access primary and specialist health care, education, and social services. WCTO providers submit service coverage and data to the MOH.	Attendance at scheduled WCTO infant appointments at 8-10 weeks^b, 3-4 months^b, 5-7 months^b, 9-12 months^b, and 15-18 months^b; breastfeeding status at 3 months and 6 months^b

^aELI: Early Learning Information System – Ministry of Education.

^bSecondary outcome.

^cMAT: National Maternity Collection.

^dMOH: Ministry of Health.

^eMORT: Mortality Collection.

^fNIR: National Immunisation Register.

^gPrimary outcome.

^hNHI: National Health Index.

ⁱNMDS: National Minimum Dataset.

^jICD-10: International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision.

^kPHO: Primary Health Organisation.

^lWCTO: Well Child/Tamariki Ora.