Table 3.
Characterization of secondary analyses by group of affiliation countriesa
| High-income countries (N = 80) |
Low-middle income countries (N = 36) |
P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | |||
| Publication metric | ||||||
| Publication year | 2006–2012 | 20 | 25.0 | 6 | 16.7 | 0.319 |
| 2012- August 2018 | 60 | 75.0 | 30 | 83.8 | ||
| Country analyzed | Multiple countries | 34 | 42.5 | 3 | 8.3 | < 0.001 |
| Single country | 46 | 57.5 | 33 | 91.7 | ||
| Survey year | on or before 2011 | 54 | 67.5 | 30 | 83.3 | 0.078 |
| 2012–2018 | 26 | 32.5 | 6 | 16.7 | ||
| Publishing delay | Mean (SD) | 4.8(2.2) | 6.6(3.0) | < 0.001 | ||
| Within 5 years | 55 | 68.8 | 11 | 30.6 | < 0.001 | |
| More than 5 years | 25 | 31.2 | 25 | 69.4 | ||
| Analysis content | ||||||
| Survey types | DHS | 69 | 86.3 | 31 | 86.1 | 0.979 |
| MICS | 5 | 6.3 | 2 | 5.6 | ||
| Both | 6 | 7.4 | 3 | 8.3 | ||
| Outcomesb | Specific immunization | 47 | 51.1 | 8 | 20.0 | 0.003 |
| Complete or full immunization | 28 | 30.4 | 25 | 62.5 | ||
| Partly or incomplete immunization | 9 | 9.8 | 3 | 7.5 | ||
| Never vaccinated | 7 | 7.6 | 4 | 10.0 | ||
| Otherb | 1 | 1.1 | 0 | 0.0 | ||
| Type of analysis | Factors associated | 53 | 55.8 | 24 | 54.5 | 0.185 |
| Inequalities | 12 | 12.6 | 9 | 20.5 | ||
| Timeliness | 9 | 9.5 | 3 | 6.8 | ||
| Trends | 9 | 9.5 | 7 | 15.9 | ||
| Others | 12 | 12.6 | 1 | 2.3 | ||
| Analyses quality | ||||||
| Handling of persons without documented vaccination | Mentioned | 75 | 93.8 | 24 | 66.7 | < 0.001 |
| Not mentioned | 5 | 6.2 | 12 | 33.3 | ||
| Percentage of card seen | Mentioned | 27 | 33.8 | 9 | 25.0 | 0.346 |
| No mentioned | 53 | 66.2 | 27 | 75.0 | ||
| Weighted analysis | Yes | 48 | 60.0 | 19 | 52.8 | 0.807 |
| No | 3 | 3.8 | 1 | 2.8 | ||
| Not mentioned | 29 | 36.2 | 16 | 44.4 | ||
| Potential biases listed | Yes | 38 | 47.5 | 16 | 44.4 | 0.760 |
| No | 42 | 52.5 | 20 | 55.6 | ||
| Limitation(s) listed | Yes | 65 | 81.3 | 24 | 66.7 | 0.086 |
| No | 15 | 18.7 | 12 | 33.3 | ||
aAffiliation countries of first and corresponding authors were analysed here. Most of them (110/116) were from the same affiliation or income-level country, for those different (6/116) the higher income-level was used for classification
bThe one outcome listed as “other” was knowledge about HPV vaccine