Table 5.

Summary of statistical results considering the interaction between different variables.

		Statistical analysis
Interaction	Research findings	P value	Test (α = 5%)
Students’ performance × misconceptions	Students with more misconceptions had also the lowest performance in the assessment	P < 0.001	Mann–Whitney
Students’ performance × confidence	High achieving students were unsure in their incorrect responses	P = 0.047	Chi-square
Questions difficulty × correctness	Moderate questions induced the majority of incorrect answers	P < 0.05	Chi-square
Questions difficulty × confidence	Moderate questions prompted lower confidence level questions, even when students responded correctly	P = 0.02	Chi-square
Questions negative × misconceptions	Negative questions had similar misconceptions than other questions	P = 0.96	Chi-square
Questions clinical/mental scenario/images × misconceptions	Questions using images requiring a mental picture of a clinical scenario had less number of misconceptions compared to theoretical/descriptive questions	P = 0.007	Fisher’s exact